SOLID WASTE TRANSFER STATION REPLACEMENT PROJECT - 15-0007-SW - CONSTRUCTION MANAGER @ RISK SERVICES (2) Construction Manager Cq'� Risk Services for Solid Waste Transfer Station
This CONTRACT made and entered into this -= ' day of �,���°��r�, �� 2017 by and
between the City of Clearwater, Florida, a municipal corporation, hereinafter designated as the
"City" or "O-wrier", and Kokolakis Contracting
, of Tarpon Springs, County of Pinellas
and State of Florida, hereinafter designated as the "Construction Manager". The contracting
entities shall collectively be known as the "parties."
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Clearwater City Council has approved using the Construction Manager at Disk
approach on appropriate projects as determined by the City's Engineering Department; and
WHEREAS, the City desires that the Construction Manager perform the management of the
necessary construction, design, and preconstruction services (collectively referred to as the
Services) on an as-needed basis subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this agreement
and any agreement incorporated into this agreement by reference.
NOW,THEREFORE,IT IS AGREED BY THE PARTIES:
ARTICLE 1: SCOPE OF WORK AND CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
1.1 The Construction Manager and its successors, assigns, executors or administrators, in
consideration of the sums of money, as herein after set forth to be paid by the City to the
Construction Manager, shall and will at its own cost and expense perforin all labor, f umish
all materials, tools and equipment for all individual projects assigned as a result of this
contract.
1.2 For each individual project assigned, in accordance with such proposal and technical
supplemental specifications and such other special provisions and drawings, if any, which
will be submitted by the City, together with any advertisement, instructions to bidders,
general conditions, proposal and bond, which may be hereto attached, and any drawings, if
any, which may be herein referred to, are hereby made a part of this contract, and all of said
work to be performed and completed by the contractor and its successors and assigns shall he
fully completed in a good and workmanlike manner to the satisfaction of the Cite.
13 Unless otherwise specified in this contract, all work shall be completed in accordance with.
Section III. and Section IV of the City of Clearwater Contract Specifications (the
Specifications). For the purposes of this contract, the terra Contractor in Section 111 shall
include the Construction Manager. The Specifications, as may be supplemented and changed,
along with this Contract constitute the "Contract Documents." In the event there is any
conflict between this Contract and the Specifications, this Contract shall take precedence
except that the GMP PROPOSAL dated 10/13/17 (as revised 10/16117) is expressly
incorporated and made part of this Agreement. Further, the GMP Proposal shall be
determinative and control in the event of any conflict, discrepancy, absence of information
and 'or term or condition to the contrary..
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ARTICLE 2: CONSTRUCTION MANAGER'S DUTIES AND STATUS
2.1 The Construction Manager recognizes the relationship of trust and confidence established
between it and the City by this Agreement, and agrees with the City to furnish its best skill
and judgment and the overall supervision of its executives, to furnish efficient busi'lless
administration and superintendence., and to use every effort to keep upon the project site al, all
times an adequate Supply of workforce and materials to secure its execution and completion
in the most expeditious and economical manner.
22 The Construction Manager represents that it has made a thorough examination of the preniises
and is thoroughly familiar with the conditions tinder which it is to work,
23 The Construction Manager agrees to perform and complete the Services in accordance with
laws, rules, and regulations of all governmental authorities and departments thereof.
2.4 The Construction Manager agrees to cooperate with the City,Architect-Engineer,or any other
Design Professional in all respects, including, but not limited to, providing necessary
preconstruction services, such as evaluation of methods, availability and costs of the various
components of the Services while under design consideration, supervising the Services and
the progress thereof, the coordination of the Services and suggesting changes in the Services;
and supplying information as to costs and availability of materials and methods; of
construction in order, amongst other things, to reduce costs wherever the same may be
practicably consistent with the quality of the Services presented in the Contract Documents.
2.5 The Construction Manager agrees to the fiollowing:
a) In connection with the perforrnance of work under this Contract, the Construction
Manager agrees not to discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment
because of race, sex, religion, color, or national origin. The aforesaid provision -shall
include, but not be limited to, the following employment:
upgrading
demotion or transfer
recruitment or recruitment advertising
lay-off or termination
rates of pay or other forms of compensation, and
selection for training, including apprenticeship
b) The Construction Manager agrees to post hereafter in conspicuous places, available for
employees or applicants for employment, notices to be provided by the contracting
officer setting forth the provisions of the non-discrimination clause.
c) The Construction Manager further agrees to insert the foregoing provisions in all
contracts hereunder, including contracts or agreements with labor unions and/or
worker's representatives, except sub-contractors for standard commercial supplies or
raw materials.
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ARTICLE 3: SCOPE OF 'rHE SERVICES
3.1 The services that the Construction Manager shall provide include, but are not limited to
those described in the following sections.
3.2 Reporting - Written reports shall be provided with the monthly pay requests as follows:
a)
Monthly Executive Surnmary which provides an overview of current issues and
pending decisions, future developments and expected achievements, and any
problems or delays, including code violations found by any permitting agency.
b) A Monthly Construction Progress Report that includes a cost narrative, a scheduling
narrative and that summarizes the work of the various subcontractors. This report
shall include information from the weekly job site meetings as applicable such as:
- general conditions
- long lead supplies
current deliveries
safety and labor relations programs permits
construction problems and recommendations, and
plans for the succeeding month
3.3 Scheduling
a) Upon award of this Contract,the Construction Manager shall submit a master project
schedule covering the planning and design approvals, construction and Owner
occupancy of the Project. This schedule will serve as the framework for the
subsequent development of all detailed schedules. The master project schedule shall
be produced and updated monthly throughout the project.
b) Within thirty(30) days after the date of the Owner's issuance of a Notice to Proceed,
the Construction Manager shall prepare and submit to the Owner two copies of a
Critical Path Method (CPM) construction schedule graphically depicting the
activities contemplated to occur as a necessary incident to performance of the work
required to complete the project, showing the sequence in which the Construction
Manager proposes for each such activity to occur and duration (dates of
commencement and completion, respectively) of each activity.
c) Follo,)\ving development and submittal of the construction schedule the Construction
Nlanaoer shall, at the end of each calendar month during the project, or at such earlier
Intervals as circumstances may require, update and/or revise the construction
schedule to show the actual progress of the work performed and the occurrences of
all events which have affected the progress of performance of work already
performed or will affect the progress of the performance of the work yet to be
performed in contrast with the planned progress of performance of such workas
depicted on the original construction schedule and all updates and/or revisions thereto
as reflected in the updated and/or revised construction schedule last submitted prior
to submittal of each such monthly update and revision. Each such update and/or
revision to the construction schedule shall be submitted to the Owner in duplicate.
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d) The Construction Manager shall provide Current scheduling information and provide
direction and coordination regarding milestones, beginning and finishing dates,
responsibilities for performance and the relationships of the Construction Manager's %,vork
to the work of his subcontractors and suppliers to enable them to perform their respective
tasks so that the development of construction progresses in a smooth and efficient ma Tiner
in conformance with the overall project schedule. The schedule shall include all phases of
the construction work, ii-iaterial supplies, long lease procurement, approval of Shop
drawings, change orders in progress, schedules for change orders, and performance testing
requirements. The Construction Manager shall advise the Owner, its representatives and
the Architect-Engineer of their required participation in any meeting or inspection giving
each at least one week notice unless such notice is made impossible by conditions beyond
his control. The Construction Manager shall hold job-site meetings at least once each
month with the Construction Team and at least once each week with the subcontractors
and the Architect-Engineer's Field Representative, or more frequently as required by work
progress, to review progress., discuss problems and their solutions and coordinate future
work with all subcontractors,
e) Twice per month corresponding as closely as possible with progress review meetings, a
"two week" look ahead report shall be prepared and submitted to Owner and Architect
Engineer.
3.4 Design Review and Recommendations
a) The Construction Manager shall familiarize himself thoroughly with the evolving
architectural,civil,mechanical, plumbing, electrical and structural plans and specifications
and shall follow the development of design through Contract Documents. The
Construction Manager shall make recommendations with respect to the selection of
systems and materials, and cost reducing alternatives including assistance to the Architect-
Engineer and Owner in evaluating alternative comparisons versus long term cost eficet.
The evaluation shall speak to the benefits of the speed of erection and early completion of
the project. The Construction Manager shall furnish pertinent information as to the
availability of materials and labor that will be required. The Construction Manager shall
submit to the Owner and Architect-Engineer such comments as may be appropriate
concerning construction, feasibility, and practicality. The Construction Manager shall
bring to the Owner and the Architect-Engineer's attention any apparent defects in the
design, drawing and specifications, or other documents. The Construction Manager shall
prepare an estimate of the construction cost at appropriate milestones during the design and
shall evaluate such estimate with the project budget, The Construction Manager shall
recommend cost saving alternatives, as appropriate, at each design milestone. At each
design milestone the Owner, Architect Engineer and Construction Manager shall conduct
a value engineering review.
b)After receiving the Construction Documents for each phase of the project, the Construction
Manager shall perform a specific review thereof. Promptly after completion of the review,
the Construction Manager shall submit to the Owner, with a duplicate to the Architect-
Engineer, a written report covering suggestions or recommendations previously submitted,
additional suggestions or recommendations as the Construction Manager may cleem
appropriate, and all actions taken by the Architect-Engineer with respect to same, any
comments he may deem to be appropriate with respect to separating the work into separate
contracts and/or alternative materials.
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c) At completion of the Construction Manager's review of the plans and specifications,except
only as to specific matters as may be identified by appropriate comments pursuant to this
section, the Construction Manager shall warrant, without assuming any architectural or
engineering responsibility, that the plans and specifications are consistent, practical,
feasible and constructible, The Construction Manager shall warrant that the work described
in the plans and specifications for the various bidding packages is constructible withiii the
scheduled construction time.
d) The Construction Manager shall review the design for the purpose of identifying long lead
procurement items (i.e. machinery, equipment, materials and supplies). When each item is
identified, the Construction Manager shall notify the Subcontractors, the Owner, and the
Architect-Engineer of the required procurement and schedule. Such information shall be
included in the bid documents and made a part of all affected sub-contracts. As soon as
the Architect-Engineer has completed drawings and technical specifications and, the
Construction Manager has obtained permitting approval, the Construction Manager -shall
prepare invitations for bids. The Construction Manager shall keep informed of the progress
of the respective subcontractors or suppliers, manufacturing or fabricating such items and
advise Project Director, Owner and Architect-Engineer of any problems or prospective
delay in delivery.
3.5 Staffing - Key personnel assigned to City projects by the Construction Manager shall not be
removed from the project until alternate personnel acceptable to the City are approved in
writing by the City.
3.6 Soliciting Bids
a) Without assuming responsibilities of the Architect-Engineer, and unless waived in NNTIting
by the Owner, the Construction Manager shall prepare invitations for bids, or requests for
proposal when applicable, for all procurements of long lead items, materials and services,
and for Subcontractor contracts. Such invitations for bids shall be prepared in accordance
with the following guidelines:
i) Contracts totaling $1,000 but not exceeding $10,000 may be entered into by the
Construction Manager with the firm which is qualified and submits the lowest verbal
quotation. The Construction Manager shall obtain a minimum of two (2) verbal
quotations. These quotations shall be entered on a bid tabulation sheet and a copy of
such tabulation sent to the Owner, Architect-Engineer and to each firm. The successful
quotation shall be confirmed by written contract or purchase order to the low bid firm
defining the scope and quality of work to be provided.
ii) Contracts totaling $10,000 but not exceeding $200,000 may be entered into by the
Construction Manager with the firm who is qualified and submits the lowest responsive
proposal. The Construction Manager shalt request at least three (3) firms to submit
sealed written proposals based on written drawings and/or specifications, 'The written
proposals shall all be opened publicly at the location, date and time named by' the
Construction Manager in his request for proposal. A tabulation of the results shall be
furnished to the Owner, Architect-Engineer and to each firm.
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iii) Contracts totaling $200,000 but not exceeding $500,000 may be entered into by the
Construction Manager with the firm who is pre-qualified and submits the lowest
responsive proposal. The Construction Manager shall advertise these projects at least
once with the last advertisement appearing at least 21 calendar days prior to the
established bid opening date. These proposals shall be based on approved plans and
specifications. Bids shall be received and opened publicly at the location, date and time
established in the bid advertisement,
iv) Contracts totaling $500,000 or greater shall be treated the same as described under iii
above except that the advertisement shall be run for at least 30 days prior to the
established bid opening and at least 5 days prior to any scheduled pre-bid conference,
v) Individual purchases of materials or rentals or leases of equipment of Lip to $999.99
each may be made without bids or quotes when reasonably necessary to expedite Nvork
on the project, however. the Construction Manager shall not divide or separate a
procurement in order to avoid the requirements set forth above.
vi) Site utilities may be acquired at market rates from the entity(ies) providing such in the
franchise area.
b) For each separate construction contract exceeding $354000, the Construction Manager shall,
unless waived by Owner, conduct a pre-bid conference with prospective bidders,the Architect-
Engineer and the Owner. In the event questions are raised which require an interpretation of
the bidding documents or otherwise indicate a need for clarification or correction of the
invitation, the Construction Manager shall transmit these to the Architect-Engineer and upon
receiving clarification or correction in writing shall prepare an addendum to the bidding
document, and issue same to all of the prospective bidders.
3.7 Quality Control - The Construction Manager shall develop and maintain a program,
acceptable to the Owner and Architect-Engineer that assures quality control of the
construction. The Construction Manager shall supervise the work of all subcontractors
providing instruction to each when their work does not conforrn to the requirements of the
plans and specifications and shall continue to assert influence and control over each
subcontractor to ensure that corrections are made in a timely manner so as to not affect the
efficient progress of the work. Should disagreement occur between the Construction Manager,
the Owner or the Architect-Engineer over acceptability of work and conformance with the
requirements of the specifications and plans, the Owner shall be the final judge of
performance and acceptability.
3.7 Subcontractor Interfacing - The Construction Manager shall be the single point of interface
with all subcontractors for any work done under this Contract, The Construction Manager shall
negotiate all change orders, field orders and request for proposals, with all affected
subconlractors and shall review the costs of those proposals and advise the Owner and
Architect-engineer of their validity and reasonableness, acting in the Owner's best interest
prior to requesting approval of each change order from the Owner. Before any work is begun
on any change order, a written authorization from the Owner must be issued. When health and
safety are threatened, however, the Construction Manager shall act immediately to remove
such threat to health and safety. The Construction Manager shall also carefully review all shop
drawings and then forward the same to the Architect-Engineer for review and actions. The
Architect-Engineer will transmit them back to the Construction Manager who
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will then issue the shop drawings to the affected subcontractor for fabrication or revision. The
Construction Manager shall maintain a record to promote expeditious handling. 'The
Construction Manager shall request the Architect-Engineer to make interpretations of the
drawings or specifications requested of him by the subcontractors and shall maintain a record
to promote timely response. '-The Construction Manager shall advise the Owner and Architect-
Engineer when timely response is not occurring on any of the above, The Construction
Manager shall collect, review and submit to the Owner, all project closeout documentation
including operation, maintenance and training manuals.
ARTICLE 4: MAXIMUM PROJECT COST AND FEES FOR SERVICES
4.1 Guaranteed Maximum Price for Construction
a) When the Construction Documents are sufficiently complete to establish the scope of%,vork
for the project or any portion thereof, the Construction Manager will establish and submit
in writing to the Owner for his approval a Guaranteed Maximum Price(GMP)guaranteeing
the maximum price to the Owner, for the construction cost of the project or designated part
thereof. Such Guaranteed Maximum Price will be subject to modification for changes in
the project as provided in article 4.1(c)below. Actual price paid for the work by the Owner,
however, shall be the actual cost of all work subcontracts, supply contracts, direct labor
costs, direct supervision costs and direct job costs, Plus the Construction Manager's fees
or the GMP, whichever is less when the work is complete. Invoicing shall occur monthly
for completed work with 5% retainage withheld until final completion and acceptance of
all work covered in the contract documents in accordance to the City's General Conditions.
b) At the time of submission of a Guaranteed Maximum Price, the Construction Manager will
verify the time schedule for activities and work which were adopted and used to determine
the Construction Manager's cost of work. In addition to the cost of work, a GMP will
include an agreed upon sum as the construction contingency which is included for the
purpose of defraying the expenses due to unforeseen circumstances relatin(,, to
construction. The Construction Manager will be required to furnish documentation
evidencing expenditures charged to the contingency prior to the release of funds by, the
Owner. If bids are received below the applicable line items in the GMP, the surplus will be
added to the contingency.
c) If bids are received above the applicable line item in the GMP,the deficiency will be taken
from the contingency; however, such occurrence shall not be cause to increase the GN4P.
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d) If bids are not received for a portion of the work at or below the applicable line item amount
in the GMP, the Construction Manager reserves the right to perform that portion of the
work as acknowledged by the Owner or negotiate for its performance for the specified line
item lump sum amount or less.
e) The increase or decrease in the Guaranteed Maximum Price resulting from a change in the
Project shall be determined in one or more of the following ways-
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i, By mutual acceptance of a lump SLIM properly itemized and supported by sufficient
substantiating data to permit evaluation by the Architect Engineer and owner;
ii. By unit prices stated in the Agreement or subsequently agreed upon;
iii. If none of the methods is agreed upon, the Construction Manager.
, provided it has
received a signed written order by the Owner, shall promptly proceed with the work
involved. The cost of such work shalt then be determined on the basis of the
reasonable expenditures and savings of those performing the'work attributed to the
change. In the event a Change Order is issued under these conditions, however, the
Architect-Engineer will establish an estimated cost of the work and the
Construction Manager shall not perform any work whose cost exceeds that estimate
without prior written approval by the Owner. In such case, the Construction
Manager shalt keep and present, in such form as the Owner may prescribe, an
itemized accounting together with appropriate supporting data of the increase in the
Cost of the Project. The amount of decrease in the Guaranteed Maximum Price to
be allowed by the Construction Manager to the Owner for any deletion or change
which results in a net decrease in cost will be the amount of the actual net decrease;
iv. The Architect-Engineer will have authority to order minor changes in the Project
not involving an adjustment in the Guaranteed Maximum Price or an extension of
the Construction Completion Date and not inconsistent with the intent of the
Drawings and Specifications. Such changes shall be effected by written order.
Documentation of changes shall be determined by the Architect-Engineer. Changes
shall be approved by the Architect-Engineer.
4.2 Construction Manager's Fee - In consideration of the performance of the contract, the
Owner agrees to pay the Construction Manager as compensation for his services, fees as set
forth below:
a) Preconstruction Phase Fee - shall be based on design costs if applicable,
constructability review, value engineering and fee determination of Guaranteed
Maximum Price. The fee for this phase in the amount of $99,450 shall be paid at the
negotiated price upon receipt of the Guaranteed Maximum Price.
b) Construction Phase Fee Prior to commencement of the Construction Phase, the Owner
will direct the Construction Manager in writing to proceed into the Construction Phase.
The ('01IStrUCtiOtl compensation for work or service performed during the
Construction Phase shall be a fee of $1,069,921. The Construction Phase Fee shall be
invoiced and paid in 22 months. Payments will be remitted monthly at the cost of
$48. 2 each and one final monthly payment of$484649.The first monthly payment shall
become due thirty days following the issuance of the first Construction Authorization. and
the final monthly payment shall be paid only when construction of the project is compteted
and occupancy of the project accepted by the Owner, If construction is authorized only for
a part of the project, the fee paid shall be proportionate to the amount of work authorized
by the Owner
ARTICLE 5: TERMINATION AND TIME OF THE ESSENCE
5.1 It the Construction Manager is adjudged bankrupt or makes a general assignment for the benefit
of creditors, or if a receiver is appointed on account of its insolvency, or if refuses or Glils,
except in cases for which an extension of time is provided, to supply enough properly skilled
workmen or proper materials for the Services, or otherwise be guilty of a substantial violation
of any provision of this Agrecirient as determined by the certificate of the Architect,the O�Vner
may, without prejudice
judice and reserving any other right or remedy the Owner may have, after
giving the Construction Manager seven (7) days' written notice, terminate the employment of
the Construction Manager and take possession of the premises and all materials, tools, and
appliances thereon and finish the Project in whatever manner the Owner may deem expedient,
5.2 It is mutually agreed between the parties hereby that time is of the essence of this contract. and
in the event that the Substantial Completion Date is not achieved within the time stipulated
herein, it is then further agreed that the City may deduct from such sums or compensation as
may be due to the Construction Manager, the sum of$1,000.00 per day for each day' that the
work to be performed by the Construction Manager remains incomplete beyond the timc 1,1111it
specified herein, which sum of $ 1,000.00 per day' shall only and solely represent damages
which the City has sustained by reason of the failure of the Construction Manager to complete
the work within the time stipulated, it being further agreed that the sum is not to be construed
as a penalty but is only to be construed as liquidated damages for failure of the Construction
Manager to complete and perform all work within the time period as specified in this contract.
ARTICLE 6: INDEMNIFICATION
6.1 The Construction Manager and his or its successors and assigns does hereby agree to assume
the defense of any legal action which may be brought against the City as a result of the
Construction Manager's activities arising out of this contract and furthermore, in
consideration of the terms, stipulations and conditions as contained herein, agrees to hold the
city free and harmless from any and all claims for damages, costs of suits,judgments or
decrees resulting from any claims made under this contract against the city or the contractor
or the contractor's sub-contractors, agents, servants or employees resulting from activities by
the aforementioned contractor, sub-contractor, agent servants or employees.
6.2 Nothing contained herein shall be construed as a waiver of any immunity from or limitation
of liability the City (Owner) may be entitled to under the doctrine of sovereign immunity or
section 768.28, Florida Statutes,
ARTICLE 7: TITLE TO THE PROJECT
7.1 The title of all work, completed portions of the Project and in the course of construction, and
of all materials on account of`w=hich payment has been made shall be in the Owner.
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ARTICLE 8: ASSIGNMENT
8.1 This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties hereto and their
respective successors and assigns, except that this Agreement may not be assigned by either
party without the prior written consent of the other party. Any assignment made without such
prior written consent shall not vest rights in the assignee.
ARTICLE 9: ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS
9.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State
of Florida, and the venue for any dispute Linder this Agreement shall be an appropriate court
of competent jurisdiction in Pinellas County, Florida.
9.2 Any notice required to be given by the terms and provisions of this Agreement or by any law
or governmental regulation, either by the Owner or Construction Manager, shall be in writing
unless otherwise required by such law or regulation and shall be deemed to have been served
and given when deposited in either Registered or Certified Mail in United States Branch Post
Office, addressed to the party hereto to whom directed, at the address specified in the
Specifications.
9.3 The language in this Agreement shall be construed according to its customary meaning
within the Florida building industry. Whenever used, the singular shall include the plural- the
plural the singular, and the use of any gender shall be applicable to all genders.
9.4 Ifany provision of the Contract Documents is invalid or unenforceable as against any person
or party, the remainder of the Contract Documents and the applicability of such provision to
other persons or parties shall not be affected thereby.
9.5 Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to mean that the Construction
Manager and Owner are joint ventures or partners.
Public Records Requirements:
The successful bidder/contractor will be required to comply with Section 119.070 1, Florida
Statues (2013), specifically to:
(a) Keep and maintain public records that ordinarily and necessarily would be required by
the City of Clearwater in order to perform the service;
(b) Provide the public with access to public records on the same terms and conditions that
the City of Clearwater would provide the records and at a cost that does not exceed the
cost provided in this chapter or as otherwise provided by law;
(c) Ensure that public records that are exempt or confidential and exempt from public
records disclosure requirements are not disclosed except as authorized by law; and
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(d) Meet all requirements for retaining public records and transfer. at no cost, to the City of
Clearwater all public records in possession of the contractor upon termination of the
contract and destroy any duplicate public records that are exempt or confidential ancl
exempt from public records disclosure requirements. All records stored electronically
must be provided to the public agency in a format that is compatible with the
inforniatiou technology systenis of the City of Clearwater.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties to the agreement have hereunto set their hands and -seals
and have executed this Agreement, in duplicate, the day and year first above written.
CITY OF CLEARWATER
IN PINELLAS COUNTY, FLORIDA
Attest:
By:
William B. Horne 11 City Manager
Countersigned:
Rosemarie Call, City Clerk
By: r\ App ved as to fo
George N. Cretekos, Mayor
Ca-milo Soto, Assistant City Attorney
(Contractor must indicate whether
Corporation, Partnership, company
or Individual)
,Kokolakis Contractin
ahe person signing shall, in his own handwriting j
sign the Principal's name. his own name and his
title; where the person is signing for a Corporation P
fie must, by Affidavit, show his authority to bind the Rodrick Voigt, Vice Pr 'I
Corporation).
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