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HIS2009-00002 - 405 Cleveland St - Capitol/Royalty TheatreHIS2009-00002 405 CLEVELAND ST (CAPITOL/ROYALTY THEATRE PLANNER OF RECORD: GLC ATLAS # 286B ZONING: D LAND USE: CBD RECEIVED: 08/26/2009 INCOMPLETE: COMPLETE: MAPS PHOTOS: STAFF REPORT: DRC CDB: CLWCoverSheet CDB Meeting Date: October 20, 2009 Case Number: HIS2009-00002 Owner/Applicant: City of Clearwater Address: 405 Cleveland Street Agenda Item: EE4 CITY OF CLEARWATER PLANNING DEPARTMENT STAFF REPORT GENERAL INFORMATION REQUEST: PROPERTY SIZE: PROPERTY USE: Current Use: Proposed Use: PLAN CATEGORY: ZONING DISTRICT: EXISTING SURROUNDING USES: ANALYSIS Historic designation of the Capital Theater (405 Cleveland Street) 0.6272 square feet or 0.144 acres Indoor Recreation (Performing Arts Theater) Indoor Recreation (Performing Arts Theater) Central Business District (CBD) Downtown (D) North: Office and Vacant West: Office and Mixed Use South: Office East: Retail Background This historic designation application involves property known as the Capital Theater located on the south side of Cleveland Street, one property east of Osceola Avenue in Downtown Clearwater. The theater opened in 1921 and was designed by local prominent architect Lester Avery and owned by John S. Taylor, State Representative for Hillsborough County from 1905 - 1910. The theater was designed for silent movies as well as live performances and has been at the heart of Clearwater's cultural and entertainment scene for many years. In 1960 the Capital Theater sustained significant damage from Hurricane Donna. Major building alterations occurred at that time and its operation transitioned to a movie theater until closed in 1980. Since that time the building has been used for a variety of purposes including local theater productions, youth programs, a social dance center and most recently a church. Community Development Board -October 20, 2009 -Case HIS2009-00002 -Page 1 of 5 Architecturally the building is an excellent example of the ornate Mediterranean Revival style. The original building facade was stucco with decorative details and expressed as two stories. Across the front of the building was a flat canopy and above that were three arches with radiating glass panes. There was an elaborate bell-shaped parapet in the center and on each side were elements that appeared to be corner towers. There were many architectural details in these areas of the facade that gave the building a very unique and interesting appearance. Significant changes have been made to the building's original appearance. To further downtown redevelopment efforts the City of Clearwater entered into a partnership with Ruth Eckerd Hall, Inc. regarding the purchase, rehabilitation, operation and maintenance of the property. Ruth Eckerd Hall will manage and operate the Capital Theater, in conjunction with the adjacent Clearwater Evening Sun Building as a performing arts facility. Ruth Eckerd Hall, Inc. plans to restore the building to its original appearance. Plans include replacing the facade's architectural details and materials and replacing the 1940's signage. The interior rehabilitation will be based on typical theaters from this time period as no plans for the original interior can be located. Standards for Designation [Community Development Code Sections (CDC) 4-607.F.2 and 3] Consistency with Criteria for Evaluating Proposed Historic Properties Recommended Findings of Fact Applicable criteria for evaluating the proposed historic designation of the Capital Theater are as follows: • Whether the property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad pattern of city, state or national history [CDC Section 4-407.F.2.a] The Capital Theater's contributions to the history of Clearwater are significant as it was the cultural and entertainment center of the City and occupied a prime location on Clearwater's main street. Opening in 1921, the theater was equipped for live performances and silent movies and was known to accommodate first run movies and traveling vaudeville acts. During World War II the theater organized events called "Bank Night" whereby war bonds were sold as part of cash prize lottery drawings enticing many people to attend the theater. The Capital Theater sustained significant damage from Hurricane Donna in 1960 and the repairs greatly changed the theater's appearance. The building reopened as a movie theater after the renovations and operated until 1980. In 1981 the Royalty Theater Company re- established the property as a venue for the performing arts and changed the name to the Royalty Theater. By 1995 the Royalty Theater was closed and the building was subsequently used for a variety of purposes including youth programming, a social and sports dancing center and lastly a church. Community Development Board -October 20, 2009 -Case HIS2009-00002 -Page 2 of 5 • Whether the property is associated with the lives of persons significant in history [CDC Section 4-407.F.2.b]. The property proposed for designation was built by John S. Taylor, a son of one of the area's earliest homesteaders. He served as State Representative for Hillsborough County from 1905 to 1910. Mr. Taylor was vocal in his support of the separation of Pinellas County from Hillsborough County and lobbied the Florida Legislature to that end. His efforts were successful and in 1911 Pinellas County was created. The Capital Theater remained in the Taylor family estate until 1996. • Whether the property posses distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction or the representation of the work of a master, or the possession of artistic values [CDC Section 4-407.F.2.c]. The Capital Theater is an excellent example of the elaborate Mediterranean Rival style. The building was very unique to Cleveland Street due to its materials and the significant use of architectural details. The building had a stucco front face with a flat canopy attached to the main wall that effectively divided the facade into two stories. On the ground floor two storefronts flanked the theater entry. Above the canopy the facade had three distinctive sections. In the center above the canopy were three compass arches with radiating glass panes and a wide stone molding. Above that was an elaborate bell-shaped parapet with a Baroque inspired cusped molding. The top center portion of the parapet included a Roman temple frame containing a plaque with "Capital Theater" inscribed on it. Above that at the top center of the parapet was a Palladian styled triple arch applied on a projecting sill and clamshell-shaped console. To either side of the center, the building plane projected which gave the second floor above the storefronts the appearance of corner towers. This area was defined by double-hung sash windows with stone surrounds and projecting sills. Above the windows were shed roofs covered in green harrPl ti1P roof flanked by corner pillars with molded cornices. The Capital Theater was designed by Lester Avery, a prominent area architect. Mr. Avery designed several area buildings as well as the Harbor Oaks development, a National Register Historic District. He also designed buildings in Fort Lauderdale and Miami. The theater was constructed by John and Ivan Phillipoff who also built the Coachman Building in 1916 and the Roebling Estate in Belleair. In addition to being a builder, Ivan Phillipoff served a Deputy Tax Assessor for Pinellas County. • Whether the property yielded or may be likely to yield information important in prehistory or history [CDC Section 4-407.F.2.d]. There is no evidence that the Capital Theater yields information important in prehistory or history. Community Development Board -October 20, 2009 -Case HIS2009-00002 -Page 3 of 5 Recommended Conclusions of Law The Capital Theater is eligible for historic designation as the property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of Clearwater history, is associated with the lives of persons significant in Clearwater's history and possesses distinctive characteristics of a type, period and method of construction. Classification of Property Recommended Findings of Fact Community Development Code Section 4-607.F.3 specifies that historic properties shall be classified as exceptional, excellent, notable or of value as part of the scene depending on the number of designation criteria met. Based on the finding of fact and conclusions of law made above, the Capital Theater meets three out of the four designation criteria including: association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of historic; association with the lives of persons significant in history; and association with distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction. Recommended Conclusions of Law The Capital Theater should be classified as "excellent" as it meets the criteria established Community Development Code Section 4-607.F.a, b. and c. IMPACT OF PROPOSED DESGINATION The proposed historic designation of the Capital Theater will further the following policies of the Downtown Clearwater Redevelopment Plan: Policy 4: Renovation, rehabilitation and reuse of historic resources are encouraged. Flexibility through the site plan review process should be utilized so that historic resources may be retained and reused. Policy 5: The City shall pursue various strategies, incentives and planning tools that will assist in the preservation of historic resources. The historic designation of the Capital Theater will further implement Strategy 20 of the Plan which supports locating a performing arts theater in Downtown and providing assistance, as needed, with land acquisition, land assembly, building rehabilitation and parking facilities development to support the use. The historic designation of this building will require any building improvements to be consistent with the design guidelines established in the Downtown Clearwater Redevelopment Plan for the rehabilitation of historic structures. These guidelines are modeled on the Secretary of the Interior Standards for Rehabilitation. It is anticipated that the historic designation of the Capital Theater will strengthen the property's eligibility to obtain historic preservation grant/loan funding. Community Development Board -October 20, 2009 -Case HIS2009-00002 -Page 4 of 5 Applicable Objectives and Policies from the Future Land Use Element of the Clearwater Comprehensive Plan in support of the historic designation of the Capital Theater are as follows: Objective A.6.3 -The City shall encourage the implementation of historic overlay districts, the maintenance of existing historic properties, and the preservation of existing neighborhoods through the use of design guidelines and the implementation of the City's Community Development code. Policy A.6.3.1 -The City Council shall consider designating historic properties and districts within the City of Clearwater; designations shall be consistent with the standards for designation found in the City's Community Development Code. Procedures identified in the Community Development Code should be amended to permit the City, in addition to property owners, to initiate such designation. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION The historic designation of the Capital Theater has been requested by the City of Clearwater. The building is an excellent example of the ornate Mediterranean Revival style and one of the most significant buildings in downtown Clearwater. It served as the cultural heart of Clearwater for many years and was one of the primary venues for motion pictures and live theater in the area. It was designed by Lester Avery, a prominent area architect and owned by John S. Taylor, son of one of the first homesteaders in the Clearwater area and influential figures in the creation of a separate Pinellas County. The Capital Theater is a historic property that qualifies for the classification of "excellent" pursuant to the Community Development Code. Based on the above analysis, the Planning Department recommends the following action on the request: Recommend APPROVAL of the historic designation of 405 Cleveland Street, the Clearwater Evening Sun Building with the classification of excellent. ~~ ~ Pre ared b Plannin De artment staff: ~ . ~` p Y g p Gina L. Clayton, istant Planning and Development Director Attachments: Location Map Aerial Photograph of Site and Vicinity Resume Community Development Board -October 20, 2009 -Case HIS2009-00002 -Page 5 of 5 Gina L. Clayton 100 South Myrtle Avenue Clearwater, Florida 33756 727-562-4587 nina.clavtonna,myclearwater.com PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE • Assistant Planning Director City of Clearwater Apri12005 to present Responsible for assisting the Planning Director in directing the day-to-day planning and zoning operations including the supervision of the Long Range Planning Manager and Development Review Manager. Serve as staff the Community Development Board and City Council. • Long Range Planning Manager City of Clearwater 2001 to 2005 Responsible for numerous aspects of the Growth Management Act of Florida such as comprehensive planning, Future Land Use Plan amendments, rezoning, and annexations. Supervise long range planning staff. Serve as staff to the Community Development Board and present long range cases/issues to the City Council. Responsible for the preparation of special area plans and the site plan review process within the Downtown Plan area. Serve as the city's representative on countywide and regional planning agency committees. • Senior Planner City of Clearwater 1999 to 2001 Responsible for various long rang planning projects/studies including the preparation of major amendments to the Community Development Code, updates of special area plans, and the development of neighborhood plans and test amendments to the Comprehensive Plan. Served as staff to the Community Develop Board, presented projects to the City Council and served as the city's representative on the Pinellas Planning Council's Planners Advisory Committee. • Community Development Director City of Indian Rocks Beach 1997 to 1999 Responsible for the administration of the city's planning, building and code enforcement functions. Served as staff to the City Commission, Planning and Zoning Board and Board of Adjustments and Appeals. Administered the land development regulations, processed future land use plan amendments and rezonings. Prepared numerous amendments to the land development code and conducted special planning studies. Responsible for the administration of the Community Rating System and the flood regulations. Served as the city's representative on countywide and regional planning agency committees. • Planner City of Solon, OH 1993 to 1996 Responsible for drafting significant portions of a new zoning code. Drafted a new sign ordinance and new driveway regulations. Prepared proposal for CDBG funding for downtown streetscape project and prepared requests for proposals for master land use plan and master recreation plan. • City Planner City of Avon Lake, OH 1991 to 1993 Responsible for the administration of the planning functions of the City. Served as staff to the City Council and Secretary to the Planning Commission. Administered subdivision regulations and zoning code. Updated planning documents including the Future Land Use Plan and the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Plan. Revised sections of the Avon Lake Subdivision Regulations and zoning code. • Zoning Administrator City of Cleveland Heights, OH 1988 to 1991 Responsible for administering the zoning code which included the preparation of all research, agendas, legal notices, action sheets and resolutions related to variance and special exception requests. Presented zoning cases to the Board of Zoning Appeals, Planning Commission, Board of Control and City Council. Supervised zoning secretary and intern. • General Development Planner City of Cleveland Heights, OH 1987 to 1988 Responsible for preparing the City's first Strategic Development Plan. Compiled and analyzed demographic, housing, economic and land use data. Developed techniques for citizen participation and effective input from the Planning Commission in the strategic planning process. Conducted research on various issues including poverty, historic preservation and residential and commercial code enforcement methods. EDUCATION Master's Degree in Urban and Regional Planning, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986 Bachelor of Arts in History with a minor in Community Planning, Appalachian State University, 1984 PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS & ACTIVITIES American Planning Association, 1987 -Present Florida Planning Association, 1997 -Present Ohio Planning Conference (OPC), a Chapter of the American Planning Association, 1987-1996 Co-Director, Cleveland Section of OPC, 1994-1996 Chair of Annual Zoning Workshop, Cleveland Section of OPC, 1994 and 1995. Coordinator and Moderator, "The Basics of Zoning and the Tools for Managing Change," 1995 Speaker, "Job of the Zoning Administrator," 1994 o Planning Department ~ earwater 100 South Myrtle Avenue Clearwater, Florida 33756 ~ ~._ ,~,-~._~.~~«<,.-~-~ _~-~.~_.' Telephone: 727-562-4567 _.,~ ....~ ~..- ~~..~ ~ ~~~__~ ~,- Fax: 727-562-4865 ^ SUBMIT ORIGINAL SIGNED AND NOTARIZED APPLICATION CASE #: RECEIVED BY (staff initials): DATE RECEIVED: HISTORIC DESIGNATION APPLICATION (Revised 06/26/2009) ,..PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT A. APPLICANT, PROPERTY OWNER AND AGENT INFORMATION: (Code Section 4-202.A) APPLICANT NAME: City of Clearwater (Attention Rod Irwin, Assistant City Manager) MAILING ADDRESS: 112 S. Osceola Avenue PHONE NUMBER: CELL NUMBER: PROPERTY OWNER(S): List ALL owners on the deed City of Clearwater FAX NUMBER: EMAIL: B. PROPERTY INFORMATION: (Code Section 4-202.A) BUSINESS NAME: Cap1tOI~ROyalty Theatre STREET ADDRESS 4~5 C1eVeland Street, Clearwater, Florlda PARCEL NUMBER(S): 16-29-15-2358-X02-O~~Q PARCEL SIZE (acres): ~• 1427 PARCEL SIZE (square feet): 6,216 LEGAL DESCRIPTION: East '/2 of Lot 7, plus West 30' and 3" of Lot 6, JOHN R. DAVEY'S RESUB OF BLOCK B (per Plat Book H-l, Page 87, Public Records of Hillsborough County, Florida, of which Pinellas County was formerly a part.) ZONING DISTRICT: D ~DOWntOWn~ SPECIAL AREA PLAN: CBD (Central BUS1neSS D1StTlet On COmprehenSlVe Land USe Plan C. SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS: (Code Section 4-607.6) X A map showing the location and boundaries of the property or district; ^ Report including the historic, architectural or archeological value of the property or district, and it's relationship to the history, government or culture of the City; ^ Present and projected economic trends and conditions relating to the maintenance, development or redevelopment of the property or district; ^ A list of contributing and noncontributing properties within the district. C:IDocuments and SettingslRLuzardolLocal SettingslTemporary Internet Filesl0LKE31Historic Preservation Application Capitol Theatre.docx Page 1 of 2 D. STANDARDS FOR DESIGNATION: (Code Section 4-607.F) X Whether the property or district is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad pattern of city, state or national history; X Whether the property or district is associated with the lives of persons significant in history; X Whether the property or district possesses distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction, or the representation of the work of a master, or the possession of artistic values; ^ Whether the property or district has yielded or may be likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. E. SIGNATURE: I, the undersigned, acknowledge that all representations made in this application are true and accurate to the best of my knowledge and authorize City representatives to visit and photograph the property described in this application. Signature of property owner or representative STATE OF FLORIDA, COUNTY OF PINELLAS Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of A.D. 20 by who is personally known to me or who has produced as identification Notary public, My commission expires: C:IDocuments and SettingslRLuzardolLocal SettingslTemporary Internet Filesl0LKE31Historic Preservation Application Capitol Theatre.docx Page 2 of 2 CAPITOL THEATRE ~~, ~~;- ~- ~, ~` ~ ' . i ,. „""~.~ _ r ,~. ~r*~ rf .I ,~~4 ~i ^h an, ta,'^~ n n .M.~„~t ~+;~ ~w ~~ ~[; ~y ^.'~' { '~.._^~_,~ -~ - i =- -- ~ HISTORIC DESIGNATION REPORT CITY OF CLEARWATER PREPARED BY R.J. HEISENBOTTLE ARCHITECTS, P.A. JULY 23, 2009 CAPITOL THEATRE HISTORIC DESIGNATION REPORT INTRODUCTION The Capitol Theatre, located at 405 Cleveland Street, Clearwater, Florida, is being proposed for Historic Designation as an Individual Historic Property, pursuant to Section 4-607. Historic Designation, of the Municipal Code. In compliance with the requirements under Section 4-607. B. Application, the following is being provided: 1. The location and boundaries of the property or district: This information is being provided under Section B. "Property Information" of the attached "Historic Designation Application." 2. The historic, architectural, or archaeological value of the property or district, and its relationship to the history, government or culture of the city: • Information substantiating architectural value of the property is provided in the "PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION" Section of this DESIGNATION REPORT. • Information substantiating historic value of the property is provided in the "STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE" Section of this DESIGNATION REPORT. • There are no known archaeological sites on the property, and no archaeological investigation was conducted as part of this report. • Relationship to the history, government and culture of the city is addressed under the "Clearwater History" section of the "STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE." 3. Present and projected economic trends and conditions relating to the maintenance, development or redevelopment of the property or district: Ruth Eckerd Hall, Inc. will manage and operate the Capitol Theatre as a performing arts facility and will be participate, along with the City, in securing and providing the funds necessary for construction, operation and maintenance of the theater. 4. A List of contributing and noncontributing properties within a district: Not applicable. The Capitol Theatre is being proposed for individual historic designation. Regarding Section 4-607. F. Standards for Designation, The Capitol Theatre meets Criteria A, B and C for designation as follows: A. Association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history... The Capitol Theatre is one of the first and most significant cultural and entertainment centers in the city of Clearwater. The theater occupies a prominent location in the center of the city and has served for over eighty years as one of the primary local venues for motion pictures and live entertainment. B. Association with the lives of persons significant in history. The Capitol Theatre was built by then Senator-Elect John S. Taylor, son of one of the first homesteaders in the Clearwater area and one of the most instrumental figures in the creation of Pinellas County as a separate entity from nearby Hillsborough County. C. Association with distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction, or representative of the work of a master... The Capitol Theatre's original design represents an excellent example of the ornate 1920s Mediterranean Revival style. It was the designed by Lester Avery, prominent architect in Clearwater and in other areas of South Florida. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION Present Appearance (See Photo #1) The Capitol Theatre's present appearance is the result of a series of unsympathetic alterations begun in the aftermath of Hurricane Donna in 1960, exacerbated by additional embellishments applied to its facade and interiors following the theater's renovation undertaken in 2000. The theater building has only two visible elevations-the front facade and the rear elevation, as both sides are attached to adjacent structures. The front elevation has a three part composition. The main entrance on the central portion of the ground level has three double doors with segmental arches. Slightly projecting wings with display windows flank the three central openings, followed by a ticket window, then a slightly recessed solid panel at both ends. The upper level reflects the same three part composition. A central plane is faced in stucco scored into six large panels. This central plane is flanked by slightly projecting, lower planes surfaced in stucco divided into smaller squares. Across the front of the building a marquee with plastic backlit panels projects above the ground level. The marquee follows the same three part composition of the overall facade. A central projecting plane displaying the name of the theater is flanked by taller planes projecting from the ends of the facade at an angle. These two side panels are framed in gold anodized aluminum, with curving ends where they meet the central panel of the marquee. Exterior surfaces at ground floor level are covered in ceramic tiles imitating marble, with decorative panels at both ends. Double doors and display windows are modern, single pane glass with aluminum frames. The three sets of double doors at the entrance have segmental arches with projecting decorative hoods. Through the three sets of double doors is the theater lobby, with a centrally located concession area directly across from the entrance. Restrooms are located at either end of the lobby area. Adjacent to the restrooms on either side are stairs going up to the mezzanine and projection room level. Adjacent to the restroom on the left side wall of the lobby is a recessed nook framed in multicolored glazed ceramic tiles with a water fountain. The main theater space is arranged in three seating groups separated by two side aisles. The stage has been expanded, projecting approximately twenty feet out toward the auditorium and is raised two feet off the main floor. Floors are hardwood and ceilings are dropped panels with suspended theater lighting fixtures. Engaged pilasters with decorative gold painted edges flank the stage. The stage curtain is red velvet with bunting at the top. There are openings on either side of the projecting stage platform providing access backstage. Wall surfaces flanking the stage have panels with raised plaster moldings painted gold. Inside both panels are large mirrors with gilded gold frames. The side walls have similar panels with molded frames and engaged pilasters defining the structural columns supporting the interior space. The plaster moldings and engaged pilasters appear to be original features of the interior space. Remnants of a crown molding of similar profile are visible in some areas on the mezzanine level. The back of the house is reflected on the exterior as a taller mass than the rest of the building. This mass has exposed brick surfaces, and a double metal door and fire escape stairs on the rear elevation. Original Appearance The Capitol Theatre was originally designed in an elaborate MeditetTanean Revival style by architect Lester Avery.l The exterior surface of the front facade was stucco with applied stone decorative details. The overall composition was expressed as two stories, divided horizontally into three parts. A simple projecting flat canopy across the front was supported by six chains attached to the main wall. Centrally located under the canopy were four pilasters that gave access to the lobby, which was open to the street. Inside this lobby space was a centrally located ticket office flanked by doors that opened directly into the theater space. Above the canopy, three compass arches with radiating glass panes and wide stone moldings rested on the four pilasters below. A shed roof covered in green barrel tiles resting on a projecting corbelled arched cornice divided the lower and upper levels of the central plane of the facade. The upper level exhibited an elaborate bell-shaped parapet with a Baroque inspired cusped molding. The top center portion of the parapet had a Palladian inspired triple arch applied decorative detail that rested on a projecting sill and clamshell-shaped console. Just below it, a plaque with "Capitol Theater" inscribed in it was contained within a Roman temple or sarcophagus-looking frame. Flanking these central elements were free-standing pairs of twisted columns that attached to the wall through engaged bases and heavy cornices that pierced the main parapet molding. On either side of the central portion of the facade the planes projected forward slightly, giving the illusion of corner towers. At ground level were symmetrical storefronts, each with its own glass and wood entrance door and shop window. The storefronts were defined above the canopy by a flat projecting stone cornice. Paired double hung sash windows at the second story level had elaborate stone surrounds and projecting sills resting on small consoles. The corner tower illusion was further accentuated by shed roofs covered in green barrel tiles resting on molded brackets that were flanked by corner pillars or turrets with molded cornices. The small corner turrets were capped by what appears in an early postcard to have been glass finials.2 The finials, however, do not appear in a very early photograph, probably removed after a hurricane that-damaged the facade of the building on October 1921, just months after it was completed.3 Several alterations contributed to the Capitol Theatre's present appearance. A 1943 photo during a War Bonds event shows that a new vertical "Capitol Theatre" sign perpendicular to the top portion of the facade had been added, as well as a horizontal sign attached to the lower canopy over the ground floor. The glass on the double hung sash windows on the upper level and on the compass arch openings over the theater entrance has been replaced by louvers.4 A photo taken in early 1960 shows that the original canopy and the horizontal sign attached to it have been replaced by what appears to be the currently existing plastic backlit marquees On September 1960 Hurricane Donna severely damaged the theater's fa~ade.6 Soon after, the existing facade was installed. No records, descriptions or photographs illustrating the original interiors of the theater have been found. The interior description given under "Present Appearance" above describes the plaster moldings and panels which are believed to be part of the original interior. Interior renovations are even harder to follow due to the lack of available written or photographic documentation. First floor seats were replaced, five mezzanine rows were removed, the stage was extended fifteen feet, front row seats were removed and dressing rooms and asound/light booth were added when the Royalty Theater Company took over and did renovations to 1. "New Capitol Theatre Finished and Opened", The Clearwater News, 24 March 1921. 2. Photo # 2. Historical postcard, 1921, Heritage Village Archives & Library Postcard Collection, Largo, Florida. Photo #3, 1922, Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library Systems Photo Collection. 3. "Clearwater Swept by Fury of Storm," St. Petersburg Times, 27 October 1921. Photo # 4. After October 26, ]921 Hurricane, Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library Systems Photo Collection. 4. Photo # 5. 1943, "Gala War Bond Premiere. Admission by War Bonds Only", Heritage Village Archives & Library Photo Collection. Largo, Florida. 5. Photo # 6. 1960. Heritage Village Archives & Library Photo collection, Largo, Florida. 6. Jeff Hartzog, "Capitol Theatre Time Line", Unpublished. the building in 1981.7 Following Socrates Charos' acquisition in 1999, the theater underwent substantial renovations to the lobby, addition of restrooms, and a profusion of angels and other applied decorative details to both its exterior and interior. Proposed Plans for Future Appearance Current restoration plans will substantially return the Capitol Theatre to its original appearance, replacing the facade's architectural details and materials and replacing the 1940s signage. The interior will be rehabilitated in the spirit and character of typical theaters of that time period and retaining the original architectural elements and materials still remaining. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Capitol Theatre is one of the first and most significant cultural and entertainment centers in the city of Clearwater, Florida. Completed in 1921, it was designed by Lester Avery, a prominent architect with a long career both in Clearwater and in other areas of south Florida. The theater occupies a prominent location in the center of the city and has served throughout the years as one of the primary local venues for motion pictures and live entertainment. The property has been acquired by the City of Clearwater and will be managed and operated by Ruth Eckerd Hall to be restored and reused as a performing arts facility. Clearwater History Dr. Odet Phillippe is credited with being the first "white settler" in Clearwater, having homesteaded Saint Helena Plantation in the area currently known as Safety Harbor. Dr. Phillippe, a French Count, descendant from King Louis XVI, was a surgeon in the French army under Napoleon. Upon arrival in the United States he first settled in Charleston, S.C., but soon traveled to the west coast of Florida. He is credited with the development of the citrus industry, by planting citrus trees in rows for easy cultivation. Dr. Phillippe remained in the area until his death in 1869.gCutrently there is a cormnemorative historic marker at Phillippe Park. Another important event that led to the settlement of what would become the city of Clearwater was the establishment of Fort Harrison in 1841 as a refuge and convalescent center for wounded soldiers from Fort Brooke during the Second Seminole War. Fort Harrison, established in an area that was named Clear Water Harbor, was shortly disbanded in 1842 at the end of the war, but its imprint remained.9 James Stevens, known as the "Father of Clearwater," filed the first homestead claim in the area that would become Clearwater in 1843, subsequent to the Armed Occupation Act adopted at the end of the Second Seminole War. Stevens' homestead included what is now downtown Clearwater, while another homesteader, Samuel Stevenson, acquired the land immediately to the north. Soon after, James Stevens traded his homestead land to John S. Taylor for a slave woman. Taylor sold his land to David B. Turner and Robert J. Whitehurst in 1854 for $800.10 Turner established the first post office in 1859. The post office was suspended during the Civil War and reinstated after 1865, this time with Whitehurst as postmaster.l l 7. "Royalty Can Start Renovating New Home Now that Papers Are Signed," St. Petersburg Times, 30 September 1981. 8. Michael L. Sanders, Clearwater. A Pictorial History, (Norfolk, Virginia: Donning Company Publishers, 1983), 12. 9. Roy Cadwell, Clearwater "A Sparkling City", (Minneapolis, Minn.: T.S. Denison & Company, Inc., 1977), 59. 10. June Hurley Young, Florida's Pinellas Peninsula, (St. Petersburg, Florida: Byron Kennedy and Co., 1984), 58 l 1. Sanders, 13. The town of Clear Water Harbor was incorporated in 1891. In 1895 its name was changed to Clearwater Harbor.12The city name was officially changed to Clearwater in 1906.13 Clearwater was a part of Hillsborough County since the early days of settlement. Growing concerns that the settlers were paying taxes and receiving few benefits due to the inaccessibility of the area from the seat of government in Tampa, some 45 miles away, led to a strong political move in 1907 for Pinellas County to be created. After considerable political wrangling, Pinellas became a separate county in 1912. Under pressure from St. Petersburg to become the county seat, the City of Clearwater allocated $3,750 for the construction of a two story wood frame courthouse to give the city a greater sense of permanence. The courthouse was built in 30 days and Clearwater used it for the next 5 years. In 1916 a $160,000 bond issue allowed for the construction of a more permanent courthouse and jail building. The structure was completed in 1917 and that year the Florida Supreme Court granted Clearwater the county seat.l4 Development of the early settlement into a city with all the necessary amenities was swift during the latter years of the nineteenth century. The first log cabin school house was built in 1855, followed by a more permanent structure in 1860.15 The first newspaper was published in 1873, with Reverend Cooley S. Reynolds as its editor.16 The first hotel, the Orange Bluff Hotel, was built in 1880 by M.C. Dwight. Soon after Theodore Kamensky, a Russian sculptor, built the Sea View Hotel.l7 But it was the Belleview Biltmore Hotel that made the greatest contribution to the promotion and development of the Clearwater area as a tourist resort. Henry Plant, who developed the railroad that linked Tampa with the outside world and built the luxurious Tampa Bay Hotel, completed in 1891, expanded his interests into the Clearwater area with the construction of the Belleview Hotel. In 1888 the Orange Belt Railway reached Clear Water. Peter Demens completed the first leg of the railroad, passing through Clear Water as it linked Sanford, 175 miles to the east, with what would become St. Petersburg, named after Demens' native city of St Petersburg in Russia.lg In 1895 the Orange Belt Railway became the Stanford & St. Petersburg Railroad, part of P1anYs railroad system. Henry B. Plant had already acquired a group of short-line railroads and created a link from Savannah, Georgia into Tampa.19 The Plant railroad system bought and merged in 1902 with the Atlantic Coast Line Railway, which later merged with Seaboard Air Line Railway, later becoming the Seaboard Coast Line.20 Plant built the Tampa Bay Hotel as a destination for railroad travelers coming to Florida for a winter vacation. The hotel was an elaborate Moorish-Russian inspired fantasy, complete with domes, cupolas and minarets. The architecture and the easy access from the railroad stop were major selling points intended to attract a wealthy tourist industry to the area. Soon Plant set his eyes on construction of another signature hotel, this time to promote and develop the Clearwater area, as his railroad system expanded into nascent St. Petersburg. He bought 625 acres in nearby Belleair, because he considered taxes were too high in Clearwater.21The hotel site, up on a bluff, afforded beautiful views overlooking the Gulf of Mexico. The Belleview Hotel, later renamed Belleview Biltmore, began construction in 1.895 and opened in 1897. Still considered today as the largest wood frame structure in the world, the hotel opened with 100 rooms, later expanded to 285 rooms, including a series of cottages for guests who desired a higher degree of privacy.22 It catered to a wealthy clientele of industrialists and 12. Hampton Dunn, Yesterday's Clearwater, (Miami, Florida: E.A. Seemann Publishing, Inc., 1973) 11. 13. Young, 60. 14. Young, 63-64. 15. Young, 58. 16. Sanders, 13. 17. W.L. Straub, History of Pine?las Co~cnty, (St. Augustine, Florda: The Record Company, 1929 18. Sanders, 25. 19. Dunn, 23. 20. Lisa Co]eman, /merges of America. Clearwater, (Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2002), 9. 21. Coleman, 9. 22. Sanders, 27. the social elite, brought to the very doorstep of the hotel by a railroad spur. The grounds, which included two 18-hole golf courses, completed in 1905, and a circular asphalt track for bicycle races, attracted golf and sports enthusiasts, rounding up the hotel's reputation as a millionaire's playground.23 Henry Plant died in 1899, before the hotel was fully completed. His son, Morton J. Plant, completed the work and oversaw its operation. In 1914 Morton J. Plant donated $100,000 towards the construction of the first hospital in Clearwater, which still bears his name.24 The Fort Harrison Hotel, built in 1925 in the heart of downtown Clearwater at a cost of $1 million, was a consummate symbol of the Florida 1920s real estate boom. At 12 stories in height, the 215 room hotel was the first "skyscraper" in Clearwater. It was built by Ed Haley on land acquired from Ransom E. Olds, pioneer automobile industrialist and founder of Olds Motor Works, which merged with General Motors in 1908. Olds was an early race car enthusiast, who developed the nearby city now known as Oldsmar and built the Oldsmar racetrack, which he later traded for the land where the Fort Harrison Hotel was bui1t.25 The hotel had elegant interiors, including atheater/concert hall and a penthouse ballroom. In 1975 the Fort Harrison Hotel was purchased by the Church of Scientology as its world headquarters. Such facilities and accommodations required city infrastructure during Clearwater's early development days to be able to provide the services, comfort and conveniences expected of such a growing community. By 1895 Clearwater's Cleveland Street was paved from the harbor to the recently completed Orange Belt Railroad station with crushed shells obtained from an Indian mound near the harbor.26 Access to and from the area had only been possible by boat prior to the railroad. Major improvements in ground transportation started when the first bridge connecting the mainland to what is now Clearwater Beach was completed in 1916. It was a two mile long rickety wooden bridge whose boards creaked and rattled as vehicles went over it.27 The considerably more substantial Gandy Bridge was completed in 1924, the longest toll bridge in the world at the time, greatly shortening the travel distance between Tampa and St. Petersburg.28 The nine and a half mile causeway linking Clearwater and Tampa, the longest at the time, was begun in 1927 and completed in 1934.29 Providing utilities was also of major importance in the development of Clearwater. The first city water system was built in 1900, when a water main was installed to service an ice plant built that year by J.N. McClung. In 1903 John R. Davey Sr. had the first telephone system installed, running from his Safety Harbor grove to Coachman's downtown store. In 1905 McClung had the first electric light franchise in town.30 Similarly, cultural and entertainment establishments were being built in the early years of the twentieth century. In 1916 the first library was built with funds donated by Andrew Carnegie.31 The Clearwater Theater opened its doors in 1911 on the second floor of the Bank of Clearwater building, soon after the 1910 fire that destroyed all the commercial wooden structures on the north side of Cleveland Street between Fort Harrison and Osceola Avenues. 32 The Capitol Theatre was one of the most significant components of the commercial development that shaped much of downtown Clearwater during the period immediately following the fire of 1910 through the 1920s real estate building boom. 23. Young, 60. 24. Straub, 94. 25. Young, 66. 26. Cadwell, 62. 27. Young, 65. 28. Pinellas Planning Council, Pinellas County Historical Background, Pinellas County Department of Planning, 1968. 29. Dunn, 30. 30. Straub, 94. 31. Cadwell, 63. 32. Sanders, 66. The Capitol Theatre The Capitol Theatre was inaugurated on March 21, 1921. Opening night invitation described it as "...one of the best appointed theaters in the state...and is said to be one of the most beautifully finished play houses in the South." 33 The theater could accommodate one thousand people and was equipped for both silent movies and live performances by road shows, as evidenced by the large stage, orchestra pit and the Robert Morton Wicks Opus 415 organ.34 Opening night program listed a double feature-"Dinty", starring Wesley Barry, a popular freckled-faced boy-star from the silent movie era, and "The Sportsman", starring Larry Semon, a well-known comedian who worked in early movies with Laurel and Hardy.35 The week-long program included different films every night, including "The Lovelight" with Mary Pickford and the premier showing in Florida of a silent version of "Black Beauty". Also featured during opening night celebrations were speeches given by then Mayor of Clearwater, Frank Booth, and by George F. Washburn, President of the Board of Trade, a forerunner of the Chamber of Commerce, and a singing performance by the "Clearwater Quartette." 36 The Capitol Theatre was built by Senator-elect John S. Taylor, known as "Handsome Jack", son of one of the earliest homesteaders in the Clearwater area, who served as State Representative for Hillsborough County from 1905 to 1910. Taylor lost his seat for supporting the separation and creation of Pinellas County, but in 1911 he successfully lobbied the Florida Legislature for the creation of Pinellas County.37 The theater went through different operators and management companies, but remained in the Taylor family estate until 1996. The theater was designed by Lester Avery,38 well known architect in the area, appearing in the Clearwater City Directory as early as 1914. Mr. Avery was responsible for the earlier design of the McAnulty House in 1918, as well as the design of the Harbor Oaks development, both in Clearwater.39 In addition, Mr. Avery also designed The Escape Hotel in Fort Lauderdale40 and the Gulf Gas Station in Miami, the latter a locally designated historic site significant for its Art Deco features.4i The contractors were John and Ivan Phillipoff, father and son team who also built the Coachman Building in 1916, one of the largest commercial buildings in Clearwater at the time and the Roebling Estate in Belleair. Ivan Phillipoff also served as Deputy Tax Assessor for Pinellas County.42 The Capitol Theatre had its heyday in the 1920s and 1930s decades, showing fust run movies and traveling vaudeville acts such as Sally Rand and Fred Stone on Friday nights during the 1930s.43 The theater played an important role during the war. There were events called "Bank Night" during which war bonds were sold as part of cash prize lottery drawings. Hundreds of people gathered outside the theater waiting for their lucky number to be called, contributing to increase movie attendance.44 Donald Roebling, who built the Roebling Estate in nearby Belleair, was a frequent theater visitor during the war and post-war years. Roebling, grandson of Augustus Roebling who built the Brooklyn Bridge, invented the amphibian "Alligator Tank", widely used during World War II to transport troops, munitions and supplies to shore 33. Opening Night Invitation, The Clearwater News, 17 March 1921. 34. Jeff Hartzog, "Capitol Theatre Time Line", (Unpublished). 35. Opening Night Invitation, 1921. 36. "New Capitol Theatre Finished and Opened", The Clearwater News, 24 March 1921. 37. Young, 63. "New Capitol Theatre" 38. "New Capitol Theatre" 39. "Historical Tour of Downtown Clearwater", Clearwater Historical Society brochure, (no date). 40. Minutes of City of Fort Lauderdale Historic Preservation Board meeting, 3 Mazch 2008. 41. Gulf Gas Station Designation Report, City of Miami Heritage Conservation Board, 13 May 1983. 42. "New Capitol Theatre". John Phillipoff Obituary, The Clearwater Sun, 20 lune 1955. Ivan Phillipoff Obituary, St. Petersburg Times, 19 March 1985. 43. Christina K. Cosdon, "Old Days: Movie Houses Were Kings and Sally Rand a Quceen", St. Petersburg Times, 8 April 1981. 44. Photo # 5. 1943. Interview with Joe Padgett, 8 October 1998. during invasions. Roebling was a very large man, weighing between 300 and 420 pounds, according to varying sources. The theater had a special chair installed just for him, which became known as the "Roebling Chair.'>45 Herbert Pittman was the theater manager from the time it opened until 1935.46 In the 1930s E.J. Sparks, President of the Florida State Theaters organization operated both the Capitol and the Ritz Theatres. In the 1950s Sparks consolidated with Paramount Pictures, who became operators.47 Hurricane Donna severely damaged the Capitol Theatre in 1960. In the aftermath of the hurricane, repairs to the theater's exterior drastically altered its original appearance. The building received a new, simple, sober fa~ade.48 Through the 1960s ABC-Southeastern Theatres, later Plitt Southern operated the theater as a movie house with Jerry Strain as manager until the end of the lease in 1979 when the theater closed its doors a9 That year First Federal Savings wanted to buy the property from John S. Taylor III, grandson of original owner, to tear down the building for parking, but the deal never went through and the theater escaped demolition.s~ That same year Bill Neville and Jerry Strain formed the Sunshine State Theater Company and reopened the theater, only to close again in 1980.51 In 1981 the Royalty Theater Company signed a lease to operate the Capitol Theatre and changed its name. The Royalty Theatre started in 1970 staging local theater productions in the auditorium of St. Cecilia Catholic Church.52 Soon they began renovation work at the old Capitol Theatre, reducing the seating capacity to approximately 500 seats, extending the stage out approximately twenty feet and adding dressing rooms and a new sound light booth. During renovation work, former manager Bill Neville was found dead in the theater's balcony. Two men he had met at a lounge were later arrested and convicted of his murder.53 In December of that year the Royalty Theater reopened with a production of "Oliver." The Clearwater Symphony Orchestra presented its first performance at the newly renovated theater in ] 984. But in 1995 the Royalty Theater would close its doors once again.54 In 1996 John S. Taylor III sold the theater property to Accents Craft, headed by entrepreneur Larry Joe Cotton, from Tarpon Springs. The theater was used by Cavalry Baptist Church for youth programs during Cotton's tenure.ss The Clearwater City Commission tried to buy the theater in 1999, but the effort failed by a 4 to 1 vote.56 That same year Socrates Charos bought the theater from Cotton. Charos operated the Social & Sports Dancing Center, dedicated to ballroom and sports dancing.57Soon he began remodeling and embellishing the old theater, adding his own touches of drama to its interior decor. He reopened it in 2001 and began its operation as a performing arts center and museum but lost it to foreclosure in 2008. In its final days the theater was home to a church. In November 2008, the theater was acquired by the City of Clearwater to be managed and operated by Ruth Eckerd Hall and plans for its restoration were underway.58 45. "Roebling Shared Himself with Community", St. Petersburg Times, 29 May 1980. Christina K. Cosdon. 46. "New Capitol Theatre" 47. Hartzog. 48. Photo #7. 1979. Ruth Eckerd Hall files. 49. Lynne Peary, "Capitol Theater Expected to Reopen Oct. 5 With Different Management", Cleveland Sun, September 22, 1979. 50. Perry, "Capitol Theater..." Jeff Hartzog. 51. Hartzog. 52. Sharon Kirby, "Royalty Theatre Begins 20`" Season", Clearwater Times, October 13, 1989. 53. Kirby, "Royalty Theatre..." 54. Hartzog. 55. Anita Kumar, "City Votes Not to Buy Capitol Theater", Clearwater Times, June 18, 1999. 56. Kumar. 57. G.G. Rigsby, "Royalty Theater Gets Buyer" Clearwater Times, July 16, 1999. 58. Special Warranty Deed, Plat Book 1, Page 87, Public Records of Hillsborough County, Florida, 25 November, 2008. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cadwell, Roy. Clearwater "A Sparkling City". Minneapolis, Minn.: T.S. Denison & Company, Inc., 1977. Clearwater Ciry Directory. Jacksonville, Florida: R.L. Polk & Co. Publishers. Clearwater Times. Heritage Village Archives & Library. Coleman, Lisa. Images of America: Clearwater. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Cross Reference City Directory. Tampa, Florida: Hill-Donnelly. Dunn, Hampton. Yesterday's Clearwater. Miami, Florida: E.A. Seemann Publishing, Inc., 1973. Fort Lauderdale Historic Preservation Board. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Heritage Conservation Board. City of Miami Planning Department. Miami, Florida. Photo Collection. Clearwater Public Library. Photo Collection. Heritage Village Archives & Library. Largo, Florida. Pinellas Planning Council. Historical Background of Pinellas County. Pinellas County Department of Planning. Clearwater, Florida, 1968. Sanders, Michael L. Clearwater: A Pictorial History. Norfolk, Virginia: Donning Company Publishers, 1983 St. Petersburg Times. Heritage Village Archives & Library. Largo, Florida. Straub, W.L. History of Pinellas County. St. Augustine, Florida: The Record Company Printers, 1929. The Clearwater News. Heritage Village Archives & Library. Largo, Florida. The Clearwater Sun. Heritage Village Archives & Library. Largo, Florida. Young, June Hurley. Florida's Pinellas Peninsula. St. Petersburg, Florida: Byron Kennedy and Co., 1984. LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS 1. Capitol Theatre. June 2009. R.J. Heisenbottle Architects files. 2. Capitol Theatre. Historical Postcard. 1921. Heritage Village Archives & Library. Largo, Florida. 3. Capitol Theatre. 1922. Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library Systems. Tampa, Florida. 4. Capitol Theatre. After 26 October 1921 Hurricane. Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library Systems. Tampa, Florida. 5. Capitol Theatre. 1943. Heritage Village Archives & Library. 6. Capitol Theatre. 1960. Heritage Village Archives & Library. 7. Capitol Theatre. 1979. Ruth Eckerd Hall files. ~ ' ~' ~~..-,~ ... ,~=-~ --- - _ - - - i CAPITOL THEATR ____ --~ ~ ~T TI-:E NEW CAPITAL THEATRE, CLEAR WATER, FLA. i_ ;~ r :~; ~~51 y ~: ~-, ~. fi. ~ ~ e~ f ' z ~ ~ e x X '- ~., u 1 ~ ~#`3 g .... .: ~~ .~ ~ ~~ ~ , ,~ s~°~ '$ ~ ~~ ~J~~~'x ~ ', ~~ ~~: d ice, ~...y.v.. w .rv~: ,~~£'°g k} ,~ x ~,~; ~~w"~"~' 3* u2 ~m _. ~~~ CAPITOL THEATER RESTORATION CLEARWATHi-FLOFiDA NORTH ELEVATION L Alf: 1/~'- 1'11' FOWLER ASSOCIATES ARCHITECTS, INC. XEft, SUITE U. CIEARWATER, fIORIDA JJ)56 % KIINf ~]I] I%9.IU11 IA%. ]2] N] 5339 R.J. HEISENBOTTLE ARCHITECTS, P.A. 1199 %)NEE U[ IfON NOULEVARU, C(NUL (:A01f5, iIUMIUA I)I31 PNIJNf: IUS.M6.)]99 EA%. IUJAb.92)M1 ROBERT LORELLI ASSOCIATES, INC. 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Legend ~ Agreement to Annex City Owned Property: CRA Owned Improved Leasetwld Parks 8 Recreation Area vacant Outside Clearwater Gry Umits .-, Adtreu t2K J SUB NUMBER (' • RsM to Piaq ,~ BLOCK NUMBER (~ SUB PARCEL NUMBER ~,~ PARCEL NUMBER (Ma8) IAND HOOK (COMMON ONMERSMIPI PLATTED SUtiDINSION BOUNDARY LOT ONMERSMP LINE ORIGINAL PLATTED LOT LINE HOUSE ATLAS -- Jun 18.1009 NE 1/I o/ 16-29-15 ~~~~_~ `~/ I Lsrn J