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02/21/1992 .;~ " ." . .... , ' . , } ~ . . >,w cVo....,... ... ~ J, ".,1'" 'c'.~ .'(. '.- '. .... \". . >, , , I " ~ . , LIBRARY BOARD " , . MINUTES DATE ra~"Il4t ~11'" +- ) 7 4 Lj :~~,;:.'...... . . .. T ~ . . . ~ . I. . . . . . . '. . ' . .' '.' .... , ..... . . CLEARWATER PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD Minutes of the Meeting February 21, 1992 Clearwater Public Library 9:30 a.m. - 10:15 a.m. Present: William Donovan, Chair Wilbert Bacon Frederick Dunn C. Pate Hutchens Thalia Kelsey Joanne Laurenti Katherine Merriam Cnrol Nielsen Virginia Watson Jack Wilson Althea Andersen, ex-officio Marsha McGrath, ex-officio Carolyn Moore, ex-officio Absent: Dr. David C. Berry, excused Guests: Jon Bradley, CPLS Staff Gretchen Bush, II Jana Fine, " Larry Hamrell, " Ann Scheffer, II Ann Wickersham, II Shirley Hunt, GCPL Foundation Chairman William Donovan called tho meeting to order at 9:30 a.m. The minutes of the January Board meeting were accepted as submitted. Marsha McGrath, Youth Services Division Manager, introduced staff in the Youth Services Division which includes staff working on the Family Resource & Opportunity Guide (FROG) service. Mrs. McGrath discussed the many services provided by these stnff members and noted those areas of service that were discontinued due to the loss of a Librarian I position in that division: no outreach service is provided; no reader's advisory service is available on the first floor. Ann Wickersham discussed second year plans to get the FROG database accessible to the public. Mrs. Wickersham is exploring possibilities for a third year grant. The future of the FROG service is secure even though Mrs. Wickersham's part-time position is funded by the grant, since another part-time position held by t>1rs. Ann Scheffer is City funded. Jan Bradley discus~ed upcoming events during the Library's 75th year and distributed brochures. Ms. Bradley noted the search for a Carnegie plaque on the Clearwater Public Library building has led to a dead end. If the Library wishes to have a plaque, one will have to be designed and purchased. Donations would be accepted. The Board discussed the Long Range Plan~ing Committee's note to the Board commenting on the issues raised by Mr. Dunn of the Library Board. The Library Board agreed that ~lr. Dunn's report will be attached to the Library Board minutes this ruOl1th which will be sent with the Long Range Plan to the City Commission. The Long Range Plan will be presented by Library stnff to the City Commission at a work session attended by the Library Board. The Long Range Plan was approved by the Library Board through a motion at the December 13, 1991, Board meeting ~ith two dissenting votes. [.' q' i . .co. . . ., " "", ~~.' ~ , 'I,. , .' , ~. ~..'. ......~..... : 0 ... ''', '; . oct'. ~". 'M, " ~ .". . , . 0 ~'I,tc~~ .,' .~ '< ~"\' > i ~. I. Clearwater Public Library Board Minutes-of the Meeting February 21, 1992 Page 2 " Mr. Hunt reported on the last Foundation meeting. Receptions will be hosted in the home of Foundation Board member, Mollie Lea, for guest author Je~ry Spinelli, and in the hODe of Marsha McGrath, Library Division Manager, for guest author Richard Peck. , " ~trs. Nielsen asked if any information has been received regarding the search for Library Director. Neither Mr. Donovan nor Library staff has any new information. The Board strongly urges the City Manager to pursue the search for Library Director. As the Board previously stated, they expect the position to be filled by the start of the FY 92/93. Mr. Hutchens, in Dr. Berry's absencet reported that Jen Regulski has been nominated for the new President of the Friends of the Clearwater Library. Mr. Hunt reported that tickets are on sale for Barbara Taylor Bradford's program in April sponsored by the Friends. Mrs. Moore reported that the new telephone system will be installed 'within th~ next week at Main Library. Mrs. Moore noted that the City Manager reported a $1.1 million additional deficit for 1992/93 fiscal year. At this time the Library Department has not been specified as an area to be cut. Mrs. Nerriam moved that the meeting be adjourned at 10:15 a.m. The motion was seconded and approved~ .._,...'......H..... . . . L > . . . .. ~ . . ." .' . , I'. . , ' , ~";'. ~ " l~ . From:Frederick Dunn. Advisory Board Member. Clearwater Library ,> To:Library Advisory Board Date: January 7. 1992 Subject:Minority Report To The Long Range Planning Report SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The long range planning document to which this minority report is attached represents; An excellent example of looking at what a community wants from a library system by the committee and a oonsultant. Evaluating both the present services and possible future services Developing a sequence and schedule of implementation of the proposed service additions and enhancements Writins a report that is readable. In the opinion of this writer. a member of the Library Advisory Board. not enough attention was paid to the future growth of the city of Clearwater. circulation. library space and future changes in the county area served by the library. The conclusions reached by the writer in respect to the above are summarized below and expanded in the balance of this report; The City of Clearwater will each its maximum practical popUlation by the year 2000 or shortly thereafter. The figures shown on the committee report on cardholders and circulation are grossly exa.ggerated by the current policy of not having cardholders renew their membership on a regular basis. No reasonable evaluation 'of the amount and quality of library space ",as made to support the added and enbanced library activities. No attempt was made to evaluate, in general terms, the impact of adding the parts of the county now fully enclosed by the oity of Clearwater or the folding of the Clearwater Library System into the county library system. i . 1 ~ . >. . ", ~, . . , " . '" .." . ~ ~ ' , .. . '.' '. . . ' ~:,'<< , , MINORITY REPORT TO THE LONG RANGE PLANNING REPORT CLEARWATER POPULATION TRENDS The City of Clearw8'ter is a city near its limits of growth; Most of the land in the city has been developed. The major spaces that could be developed for housing are now zoned business and are adjacent to the downtown. The chance of extending the city limits are not too great since most of the oity is surrounded by other towns. Largo Belleir Safety Harbor 'Dunedin Though there is a theoretical total population limit of 170,000 people, this figure is not a reasonable one since it would involve substantial destruction of single family and replacement with multi-family dwellings Creference 1), The state of Florida is looking at a slowing of population growth and a possible negative growth in Pinellas, Pasco and Hillboro counties Creference 2), The 1990/1991 census has been completed and the first release of data indicates a pOPUlation of 137JOOO people. This figure will have to be adjusted since the Census tracts that cover Clearwater include parts of the surrounding towns. There is a forecast of 1990 population and a projection based upon that data to the year 2000 (references 3 and 4). These show; The estimated 1991 pOPUlation will be; 105,940 people as regular presidents 20,481 people will be added as seasonal residents For a total estimated population of 126,421 The estimated year 2000 population will be; 119,111 people on a regular basis 21,506 people will be added as seasonal residents For a total estimated pOPUlation of 140,617 The gain in population will be 14J196 residents. This translates into some 7,300 additional dwellins units in the city using 1.94 persons per unit, or 5,638 units at the peak season average of 2.5. 'rhere is not enough room in the city to add this many un its of any typet single family of multiple familY. The only conolusion that can be drawn from the above is; 2 ~ .' '. . . ..'.,' ,.' l ., ~ . . h ., .' . > .' , ":'. . . . " . . . . II , . 'I.: \\:1; ~<"..,. f' MINORITY REPORT TO THE LONG RANGE PLANNING REPORT Unless there is a change in the oity limits~ Clearwater is very closo to being full. Though the long range planning committee report talks about "a growing number of children" as well as an agin~ popula- tion~ the St. Pete Times article attached is probably more accurate when it says "Don't hold your breath waiting for Tampa to grow again, because you have already seen it. This puts a real cap on the future growth of circulation in the library and a cap on the usase of the added and enhanced services. LIBRARY USERS AND CIRCULATION There are two charts ,in the report entitled "Circulation 1979- 1991" and another that follows "TRENDLINE Circulation 1979-1991" (reference 4) that are very deceptive because; The straight line seems to point upwardS at a sharp angle. But if you were to draw a line connection the dots, YOU would get a classic example of a normal growth Qurve- Rapid growth at the start -1979 And a slowing rate of growth at the end. Which matches the current city growth trend. Couple this with another chart, "New Library Cards Issued" (reference 5), which indicates; Though new cards grew on 8n upward trend from 1979 to 1985, they are now on a downward trend through 1990. The peak number of cards issued in 1985 were about 32,000 and now are about 9,000 in 1990 and probably will be less in 1991. The cards issued chart seems to indicate that a large number of persons in Clearwater hold library cards; ,As of Fall. 1991 there were 102,000 cards issued. This works out to a 82.2 percent of the population having library cards. As t.he resul-t of a purging of the 102,000 of cardholders who have not withdrawn a book for five years, the 'number of cardholders has dropped to about 82,900. If the 62.83 percent figure is still correct for 1991, then the number of legitimate cardholders based upon a population 3 ...,.... >,' >." '. '. " .' . j' . 0:. . . .. " t. . . ~. I . >', , . MlNORITY REPORT TO THE LONG RANGE PLANNING REPORT of 126,421 would be 79,430. The difference between the 82,900 cards after the purge and the estimate based upon the libraries peroentage would be 82,900 minus 79,430 or about 3,500 illeSal oardholders. The writer did some research with the help of the Clearwa.ter Utilities Department. They serve the northern part of Pinellas County, from fJlmerton to the Pasco line. The information was in regard to the turnover of people using gas; , They serve about 41,700 business and residencial customers in the service area. The monthly ohange of billing addresses of gas users is 1.9 percent or an annual rate of 22.8 percent. If we were to applY this to Clearwater residents, it would indicate that there is nearly a one hundred percent turnover of residents every five years, which is clearly too high. National figures show that the average family remains in at one address for less that five years. Another comparison that illustrates the possible turnover of Clearwaters population is to compare the number of new cards issued with the increase in population; YEAR POP. CHANGE HEN CARDS CARDS/POPULATION 1986 2,780 12,000 430% 1987 1,523 10,000 657% 1988 1,8Bl 11. 000 565% 1989 1, 857 9,000 485% 1990 1,815 9)000 496% It is not difficult to see that with the present policy of not requiring cardholders to verify their residence on an regUlar cyole, perhaps every five years, and the statistics on how often families move could result in; An unknown number of Clearwater residents moving out of Clearwater and retaining and using their library cards. The real number of taxpaying cardholders in the Clearwater Library System being between the 62.83% for the Clearwater Library and an average of the circulation percents of West Palm, Alachua County and St. Petersburs of 33.85%, If we were to use the three library average percent applied to the 1991 population, the legitimate number of cardholders would be 42, 100. Somewhere between the 62,902 cards and the 42,100 possible cards is the real number of Clearwater residents using the 1 ibrary. 4 " .' ..' .,,' ~ ,. "". . I.... '. .,' . . . .. . . . . . '. ..' ;. . L MINORITY REPORT TO THE LONG RANGE PLANNING REPORT What would happen' if the Commission were to institute a policy of periodic renewals? Possibly; A reduction in circulation. More book~ being available to the people paying city taxes for the library. Less library personnel required to handle circulation. More congestion on the shelves of libraries in the system that are now crowded, by the return of books taken out by the illesal cardholders. An inqrease in the number of persons who would like to retain their access to the library by buyins a nonresident library card. When the above proposal was offered to the library staff, they were afraid of the impact upon the circulation desk with all the renewals. Assuming a five year renewal cycle starting in 1992, there would be two affects; The first lnval ves .the cardholders who now would be required to verify residence by some document showing a current address. Non-residents would not bother. This would leave residents only, quantity unknown. An immediate survey of cardholders would give a clue to the real number. The second would the re~ular renewals of Clearwater resi- dents. Assuming that the 79,430 figure based upon the 62.83% is correct 1 and the library being open 300 days a year, the daily average renewals for the five libraries would be about 53 per day. 20 per day at Main 19 per day at East 11 per day at Countryside 2 per day at Beach 1 per day at North Greenwood The city administration has recommended that a survey to deter- mine the percentage of non-resident illegal cardholders be done after the installation of the new oomputer system. Because of the possible impact upon the budget for 1993 by the possible reduc- tion in circulation and associated activities, it is recommended "that; The computer be used to analyze the number of cardholders by 5 , ) "'..' .: ~ . . . .,' 4,,' ~. ' ' ,; '. . . , ' ,.. . . . . . ." . ~ dl."~ .~. . MINORITY REPORT '1'0 THE LONG RANGE PLANNING HEPORT the number of years since they,registered to asses the yearlY impact of regular reregistration for the first five years. The Commission ask the library staff to plan for and imple- ment the survey within 60 days. Even a simple telephone book check of cardholders addresses would give some clue as to the extent of the problem. The Commis~ion institute the regular renewal of cardholders on a five year cycle which would not interfere too much with library operations but would minimize illegal cardholders. Install the five year renewal during 1992. LIBRARY SPACE IN PRESENT FACILITIES , The long range planning document talks about a number of possible additional functions to be added to the library system that take up space and recommends that this be done in the year 2000; Space for the Clearwater Sun files (needed now). Special collections such as the marine book collection at the Beach ranch. An independent learning center to supplement the school system. A computer center for both education and business. Display space for fine arts and crafts. A cable TV studio as promised by Vision Cable. A 350 person auditorium. A review of the present facilities would indicate that high priority is not space for other functions but more space to make the present facilities more usable by both the cardholders and the staff. MAIN LIBRARY The shelves in the main library are filled beyond the ability for users to use. The library is forced to use the bottom and top shelves for books, making it very difficult of short persons or ones with bifocal glasses to reach or read titles on those shelves. The working space varies from excellent in the data prooessing/new book area on the third floor to the ohopped up basement of what was the original early 1900's library and the W.P.A addition in the thirties. 6 . .."" J , '. ' >." " .' , " L MT.NORI'I'Y REPORT '1'0 THE LONG RANGE PLANNING REPon'r NORTH GREENWOOD The librarYJ though small compared to East or Country sideJ is not too crowded after send ins books to the new Countryside library. There is space for additional books on the top and bottom shelvesJ though this would make these books difficult to get at. The meeting room is small for any but limited size meetings. BEACH The Beach library has reached its capacitYJ with most of the shelving at peak capacity like the main library. Seating space is minimal with the few tables close together. EAST AND COUNTRYSIDE The two libraries have substantial book and other spaces with good expansion capacity for the future. The most pressing need for space is at the main library and this is the one with greatest potential for more space being added to the present structure. A quick review of the bui lding shows some po.tential for added space (reference 7); The notched out northwest corner of the building has a ground level space of about 3JOOO square feet. Filling this in with a two story building would add about 6JOOO square feet of space. If the latest addition on the west side of the librarYJ facing the Bay was build with foundations to support a third floor, Then a third floor on the new section would add 6JOOO square feet to the library of space which would have enough floor loading capacity to support book stacks. In original expansion of the library along OsceolaJ the floors were built with limited floor load capacitYJ so the present reading room would have to stay where it is, even though the west side offers a far superior view of the bay. The old library at the southeast corner of the library seems to offer expnnsion room if it was torn down and replaced with modern high capacity space. A matching three floor additon would add 13J560 suare feet of stack and office space to the library, 7 " \. . . .' . ~ . 4, L, . . '.. '..' .. . .... ~ ., I ( . MINORl'l'Y REPOltT '1'0 TlIE LONG RANGE PLANN rNO REfOR'l' ------------- But a discussion with the architect who drew up some expan- sion plans several years ago indicates that there would be two problems with doing this; The two buildings, the original library and the WPA addition, are of fairly heavy construction and would be somewhat difficult to tear down. In addition, there are electric power panels for the new additions in the old building space. The'second problem is what to do with the debris. There are few places left to dump this in the county and the cost of hauling out of the county would be high. By using the possibilities above. fillinS in the corner, third floor on the new section and tearing down the old library, we could add about 29,000 square feet of Sood library space. The least costly would be a two floor addition at the northwest corner. The others depend upon unknowns at the present time. The long range planning report space requirements do not seem to be able to be added to the library without taking space away from the normal library functions:' The 350 person meeting room may be needed by the city of Clearwaters residents, but in the opinion of this board member. stich a large room would seem to have limited use for library functions. If the city were to develop the Maas building for the city, then suoh a meeting room would be ideal to inolude in the building, There it would be available for both city and library activities. The same for the TV stl..-ldio. Perhaps the county school system and the city could handle this jointlY as a project. FUTURE LIBRARY CIRCULATION There are several possible changes in the area served by the library that are not covered in the long range planning report; The state of Florida legislature, in their infinite wisdom, might pass legislation merging the parts of the county now completely surrounded by the city, into the city. The impact on the library would be minimal. Sooner or later, through the counties recognition that the present county library program is not too effective in delivering good library services to the citizens or through legislation, they might change to a county wide library system where Clearwater is going to be serving a part of the county. 8 , ' " '.... ' . , ' ' . .' ....' , I ~.......... ...'''' , , ~ >c . '. . ,'1>..'" , " ,j t ~ . MINORI'l'Y REPORT' TO 'l'HE LONG RANGE PLANNING REPORT I'"~ I .~.. . . REFERENCES Ref. 1 Ref. 2 Ref. 3 Ref. 4 Ref. 5 Ref. a Ref. 7 ~,:~,""~'" If there are as many non-resident cardholders in the system as there seem to be, we may ha.ve already felt .the impact of the above by acoident. It is evident that the library oan handle the volume, and the new computer system will assist greatly. The only goori thing that wi 1] come QU't of this I is that there will be more money available from the county. The cost to ClearwAter will be marginal costs) which this board member has asked for in the past but never received. We should develop these figures, as part of .the budgeting and long range plan. -"Bay area's growth rate takes a big dip", St. Pete Times, December, 1991 -"Methodology for POPulation Estimates and Projections", Clearwater Planning and DevelopmentJ undated -"Quinquennial POPulation Projection by District Clearwater Planning Area", tables 12 and 12, same source as ref. 2, undated -pages a and 7J Long Range Planning Committee reportJ undated -"New Library Cards Issued"J page 4 same source as ref. 4J undated -"Selected Florida Libraries - A Comparison (1988/89 figures) and Florida Minimum Standards II J library staff report, undated -"Main Library Layout", author, January, 1992 9 ~. . ~,:-.' ' . ,- He f, 1 6r()W' I ~ ___.~~/~~_~A_.- . .... .. .... .... 0.+_ Bay area's gro\Nth rate tal<os big dip . A sluggish economy has caused the population boom to go bust in Tampa Bay, and it may be a willIe before things get better. By BILL ADAIR and STEVE UESMAN nrn..SbrfWriIMI During the population boom of the rnid-1980s, the roads to Tam- pa Bay carried a steady stream of moving vans. The bay area grew by 150 people every day. Now, the stream is only a trick- le. The area grows by only 33 people each day and growth has slowed to its lowest level in 20 years, according to the tat est esti- mates Crom the University oC Flori- da, The dramatic slowdown during the recession exposes how the bay area's economy is addicted to growth. Without a big dose of new people, the local economy suffers more than other Florida regions , that have a more diverse base of businesS, analysts said. The entire state could pay a price. Since growth probably won't pick up again until the economy . turns around in other parts of the nation, Florida likely will suffer longer fram the recession, some economists said. The stream of moving vans could increase lilightly in the next two years when the econOD1Y bounces back, demographerl:l and economists predict. But looming on the horizon are some major demographic shifts - fewer peo- ple in their 20a and fewer retireea - that suggest there wun't be another population boom for more than decade. Right now, the bay area is be- ing hit from two sides. . "What we have now are bad Already, the cJfct;U of the gruwlll lilowtlUWIl ~an be see 11 throughuut the area: .. The sales ~taff at I.argo- based Bob's Ci.lCJ)Ct Mart Inc, sold lIlore than l-lI1i11ioll square yards (If caqlcl two y~ar:> ago. Thill'S down to allullt aoo,OOo S(luare yards this year. The chain has dUlled 1 wo of its 15 storc:i anJ rcdu~cd ils work force Ly tllJimt 10 percent. II Two years il~O, workers frolll Paragon Calllc !>trllng enough f1CW callie in I1i1l"burough CUllllly to stretch frolll Tampa to }at:ksun- vHlc, ahout :.100 mil<<::i' wOl.th. Next year, the cahle cOIupany expects to ILlY only 35 milt:9 of new caL!c, which woulJ reach ouly fl'OfIl ~l. . PctersLJurg to nl'ad~ntoll. iii ll~ 1988, FloriJa Power Corp. hookeu up 14,000 new deL:- tric connections in PiudlJ:l allJ l'asco coullties. This y~ar, the company estimates il will connect only half that lIlullbcr. You can blame much of the growth slump on the recession, , Many retirees in northern states haven't been able to sell their homes. And many younger workers aren't lIIoving here be::- t;iJIISC there aren't tllOllilh j....L:I. Peter Frallcl:!l~, puLlislH:r of A ltIt!ri(a" n.:mograf.hics rllag:a- zill~, said feWer tICoIJ C lOove dur- ing a rccl!ssion. "When housing values start to fall, cVt:rylJOdy f<llls'ill place," he said, , The decline in growth has af- fected the enlire state. ,In 19a7'1 Florida was flooded With more than 900 ncw pClltJlc per day. ac. cording to tile Imccall's c:itianates. Now there arc only 461) f1L:W("OII1- ers daily. .' Out the Tampa Bay area has sufh:rcd disprOjllllliollatcly. Orli.llldo, fur example, is half the site of the Lay area Lul lias sustained much fasler growth - eV~1I durillg the slulllp. Till: latest eslil1lalC says Orlalldo's net migra- tion is aboul ti5 people l:V~ry d,1Y, about tluuhle the tlLlulhcr !<.lr lhe b:lY area. 20,000 Quarterly not migration into florJda 0'81 '83 'BS '87 'BD '91 Quarterly not 4,000 mlgrallon Inlo 2.000 Tampa Bay area o '81 '83 '85' '07 '89 '81 Soo,jlCO: aUlDIIU 01 EconomiC ond Bu~lno$" Aosonrctl, UnlvorsiLy or Florida TIm.. .rt demographics and bad econom~ ics," said Jim Hosler, director of economic development and re- search for Hilbborough's planning commission. j'It's going to be diffi. cult for local govcrlUucntli to pay the bi11s in the next several years." Plaase see GROWTH 2A , , , ," , " . " ' ".' ','" .", , '. ,'" . ' ,I' " . ' . , " - ... '''~,~ I~" -J.> Milch of the e('tmomlc ntIt~de r in the bllY :lrca relic!! on new rt!sl. dents. ' The cl)nstruction Industry I nc~ds new famlllc!l to buy huuses. 1 he b;mkinq lndu'lhy counts on I new depn!lits, and lumber compa- . nics sell wood for new homes. E.'en ~r)v('rmnent employment - which provides one In seven jobs In fljJlsbl)rollRh - rises and raUs with the Rrowth rate. Slower Rrowth ha!! b:1ltcred tlm bay nrca construction induslry. Bctwcmt 1985 and 1990, PinelJag and llillsborough counties lost about 10,000 construction jobs. Meanwhile, Darle, Ilroward. Du- val, Orange and Palm Beach coun- tics combined lost onl}' <1.200. ac- I cording to nosier of the Hillsbor- ough planning commission. Newcomers are especially vital to the economic health of Pillcllas, ' Pasco and Hernando counties be. caU!1C those counties have more denths thiln births every year. The counties must have new residents every }'c:Jr just to keep their popu. lations from shrinking. nosier Mid the bay area rclles heavily on growth.related compa- nies, white :lren!! !i1tc Orlando and Miami h~ve benefited frotn ather types of busines!l - Ruch as the cntertllinment industry and lnter- natiollill trade. Jack Critchfield, chainn:1I1 of St. Petersburg.bllsed Florida Progress Corp.. said the entire sl;ite h:l9 been too dependent on growth. He'd like to attract new cornp:lltiC9 to Ute bay area that aren't affected by a growth slow- down. "If we don't get Ollr IIct togeth- er and recruit new employers. we're not going to be able to com- pete with Orlando," Critchfield said. Paul R. Griffin, executive di- rector or the Pasco County Com- mittee of 100, said Pasco needs to attract more businesses that are not "dependent on housing startS." Out some economists think the growth numbers may exaggerate the recession's effects on Tampa Bay. "ThinRs are pretty good in Tampa," s.,id John Godfrey, senior vice. president and chief economist at Darnett Banks Inc. in Jackson- ville. "The slowdown is primarily cyclical. It's not a sign thnt Florida is not going to be growing in the future or that Tampa Day is not going to be growing. It's a rather short-run phenomenon." Pine lias County may not be growing as much as It was In the mid.1980s, !!aid D;lvid Knowlton, president of the PincU.,s Economic Development Council, but there are sUU plenty of new residents. "We still have substnntial growth," Knowlton s.,id. "We've Rot a diverse ecohomy, ,It's a ma- ture economy And we have ~ wider array of business types than the Orlando metro area." But some economists said a growth slowdown creates a spirnl. Less Rrowth means fewer jobs, and fewer jobs me:tns less growth. "It's a snowball effect," said Carol Taylor West, head of fore- casting for the Aureauof Er.onomic and Ousiness Research at the Uni. versity of Florida. ' ....~... ,,_......... ......... ,. -........... . That tramlntes Into fewer peo- ple to share the costs for roads, sewers and big Rovernment proj- ects such as the Florida SunCollst Dome and the TamplI Convention Center. HlUs-borough County had to in- crease water rates to existing cus. tomers this year because not enough new people moved in to offset the costs for the $500.mll- lion debt Issues. . All 'of this could tnlllslnte lnto a longer recession for Florida, West said. Florid,,'s builders can't begin hiring again untit potentia! retirees sell their homes in other states. And younger people won't look here for opportunity until the state begins creating jobs. Even when we do recover, don't expect a return to the boom times of the 1980s. Looming in the future, experts say, are some siz. able population shifts that will make Florida's growth much smaller this decade. Two groups makes up the lion's share of new Florida resi. dents: retirees and people in their 209, demographers said. And there arc fewer people in both agc groups than there were in the last decade. Americans ncarinR retirement age were born during the Dep~s. sian, when the nation's birth ratc was low. Bnby boomers, mean. while, are out of their 20s but are not ready to retire. So there's a smnller pool of people likely to move to Florida, The slate grew by 33 percent in the 1980s, but it's eJllpected to grow by only 22 percent this de. cade, according to the l:ttest Uni. versity of Florida estimates. Francese. . the magazine pub- Iisher, said the bay area could get a smnller share of that growth be- cause of its reputation. {or urban conRestion. "Von't hold your breath wailing for Tampa to Rrow asnin," he said, "because you may have already seen it." 0 OJ ., --. 01 00 "J' c ) (J) ~ CO CO '1-- . I t--. 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