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AGENDA
City Commission Special Meeting
Monday - November. 18, 1991 -'immediately following worksession
1. Call to order
2. Dimmitt v. City
3. AdJourn
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•.L;,:?ti' 'i' :y,i; ; `'_; . M E M 0 R A H D N F4
w,? ;4r T0: The Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Commission
r?",?7r??? ??'kr? i.+4w,ti?;s , •?r'• a ,, •:r t ? r
FROM: M. A. Galbraith, Jr., City Attorney
y3':: '• -Fir ?;4i^i,i::j'`! 'tkr:?, ? RE: dimmitt V. City y 1{W r.t f
:,r J` t?t ari vd, a r( ?I w. ,RY?? ,
DATE: November 15, 1991 3 ;
?'.:.arE .`Y? fir:. ?.. s ( 'dv: -ti •,. t. A . , .j
v`Jt .rC7 ?::; ;t Summary ud
judgment was entered against the City and Mr. Richter on November 12,
1991. Ordinarily, we would have 30 days in which t0 file a notice of appeal if
the decision is made to take an appeal. I have filed a motion asking for
clarification as to whether the order applies to all flags or just the American
flag. Our time to file a notice of appeal is suspended until that motion is
`` "'•'' granted or denied. Therefore, it is not necessary that you decide right away
whether to take an appeal or not, but it is not too soon to begin thinking about
an appeal.
`? ?=• t':s'
,, .
, To take an a ea 1 or not is seldom an eas
pp y decisions because there are pros and
• cons to be considered. The negative side of the question includes the following:
yk,.. --We will be liable for the plaintiffs' attorneys' fees for the appeal, as
well as for the trial, if the appeal is not successful. At this point, I do not
know how much they will ask for attorneys fees, but they had at least two
lawyers from a large Tampa firm on the case, and the amount will be not
i; •?, .°?
insubstantial. They spent no time on depositions, but a considerable amount of
time was spent on research, motions, memoranda of law, and pre-trial discovery
:,, such as interrogatories. Some of that time was in response to my own motions and
;Y>s' memoranda of law. For the time they spent in administrative hearings and in
state court, before filing the federal suit they are claiming $8,500 in fees and
?5 u about $900 in costs such as transcripts.
--The odds are against appellants, statistically speaking, because most
appeals are not successful, on the average. This does not mean that an appeal F
should not be taken. It does mean that it is always more fun being the appellee ;
than the appellant. Some of our most important appellate court decisions have ti
resulted from reversals of lower court decisions, a notable example being our own %
portable sign case, bon's Porta Signs__ v. City of Clearwater, where we lost in the
district court and won on appeal.
--This is one of those cases that could have gone either way. There is no
single court decision that says it had to go our way (nor is there a court
decision saying it had to go their way, either). There are times when a court
starts with a gut-level feeling that something is wrong, and works backwards to
the beginning of a rationale for the decision. This can happen in the appellate
courts, too.
The positive side of the question includes the following:
--I have identified several potentially reversible points in the court's
order, although it is premature for me to give you a listing of these points.
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s°' ?` r '* x I have always thought the City had a very good case and so have other lawyers ti ;w ; '- ,:; ? ;:'?,; I pestered with my arguments while the case was pending. Although At could have
off' x'c'":'`=".` {? gone either way, it seemed more likely to go our way. My optimism is based upon
U.S. Supreme Court decisions relating to the use of the American flag for
:':' >'1 °? 'bi:':°•' commercial purposes, our ability to limit the display of political campaign s?
y. 4t I?r ..'.,•
signs, and First Amendment standards in general. The court's order is at
r {....:..>' t ;; y variance with these decisions in several respects, in my opinion. My optimism,
?-r?.ii' of courser is not an assurance that we will succeed in an aPnyPeal1 but it is an r
?'?'4
indication that an appeal would be justifiable and not frivolous.:
?' --If an appeal is successful, you will not be obligated to pay the ,
:. r??,???•,?? ??' ?:'.•;:. s ,._.,.?? plaintiffs attorneys fees. This, alone, would be a bad-faith and unjustifiable
y`?4 ?'.y,,rr?;';;.tr;r;' "',_.;:•rl;; :' basis for an appeal on general principles and also because you pay if you lose.
4•A?rll,fF`:it{?'?''{'; ?Ji ?1?s3* Z:%:J` +r'Ji'?f. ,.?'??y>i
fed„ }rAi.? r
_?*+t,?•,?``:r.e --If an appeal is not successful, the additional cost for attorneys' fees
is likely to be less than the amount you would have to pay if you take no appeal.
<•?;ay ?;rk€` This is a rule of thumb based upon the fact that the time spent preparing for an
^?:•'.,:;t,: ?,.'c:?' appeal is, in most cases, less than the time spent preparing for trial. I would
expect that rule of thumb to apply here. r•,?•
Before deciding, you may want to focus your thoughts on general zoning and land
use concepts. This was, after all, a small part of one chapter in our Land
Development Code. If the court's order was limited to American flag displays,
could you live with it? Unfortunately, the order is much broader and seems to
encompass displays of any kind of flag. The baby, the bath water, and the bath
tub were discarded. Even if the order was limited to American flag displays, the
next case could be a display of State of Florida flags, or City of Clearwater
flags, and off we go to court again on a "political speech" theory.
Instead of an appeal, or in addition to an appeal, you may wish to consider an
amendment to the ordinance. There are a few changes I will suggest that will get
rid of some of the concerns expressed by the plaintiffs and the court even though
they were not relevant to the case, such as the requirement that the flags
represent a governmental unit or body, unfortunately, I can suggest no amendment
that will serve as a complete substitute for a successful appeal. Even if you
went so far as to allow 23 American flags, the next plaintiff may want to display
25 of them. Or, the next plaintiff may want to display a large number of purely
commercial flags, like "used cars" or "buy here, pay here," and we would be
looking at the issue of whether we have favored noncommercial flags over
commercial flags--an issue the courts have grappled with for several years with
mixed results.
This will be scheduled for discussion on Monday.
MAG:a
Copy:
Michael Wright, City Manager
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